1. Nigrodha­parib­bāja­ka­vatthu

Evaṃ me sutaṃ—​   ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena nigrodho paribbājako udumbarikāya parib­bāja­kā­rāme paṭivasati mahatiyā parib­bāja­ka­parisāya saddhiṃ tiṃsamattehi parib­bāja­ka­satehi. Atha kho sandhāno gahapati divā divassa rājagahā nikkhami bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Atha kho sandhānassa gahapatissa etadahosi: “akālo kho bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Paṭisallīno bhagavā. Mano­bhāva­nīyā­nampi bhikkhūnaṃ asamayo dassanāya. Paṭisallīnā manobhāvanīyā bhikkhū. Yannūnāhaṃ yena udumbarikāya parib­bāja­kā­rāmo, yena nigrodho paribbājako tenu­pasaṅka­meyyan”ti. Atha kho sandhāno gahapati yena udumbarikāya parib­bāja­kā­rāmo, tenupasaṅkami.

Tena kho pana samayena nigrodho paribbājako mahatiyā parib­bāja­ka­parisāya saddhiṃ nisinno hoti unnādiniyā uccā­sadda­mahā­saddāya anekavihitaṃ tiracchā­na­kathaṃ kathentiyā. Seyyathidaṃ—rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ ­mahā­matta­kathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kum­bhaṭ­ṭhā­na­kathaṃ pubba­peta­kathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samud­dak­khā­yi­kaṃ iti­bhavā­bhava­kathaṃ iti vā.

Addasā kho nigrodho paribbājako sandhānaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvā sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhāpesi: “appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha. Ayaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako āgacchati sandhāno gahapati. Yāvatā kho pana samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakā gihī odātavasanā rājagahe paṭivasanti, ayaṃ tesaṃ aññataro sandhāno gahapati. Appasaddakāmā kho panete āyasmanto appa­sadda­vinītā, appasaddassa vaṇṇavādino. Appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅka­mi­tabbaṃ maññeyyā”ti. Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.

Atha kho sandhāno gahapati yena nigrodho paribbājako tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sandhāno gahapati nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca: “aññathā kho ime bhonto aññatitthiyā paribbājakā saṅgamma samāgamma unnādino uccā­sadda­ma­hāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchā­na­kathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ—rājakathaṃ … pe … iti­bhavā­bhava­kathaṃ iti vā. Aññathā kho pana so bhagavā arañña­vana­patthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevati appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni ­manus­sa­rāhas­seyya­kāni paṭi­sallā­na­sārup­pānī”ti.

Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako sandhānaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca: “yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṃ sallapati, kena sākacchaṃ samāpajjati, kena paññā­vey­yat­tiyaṃ samāpajjati? Suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya. So antamantāneva sevati. Seyyathāpi nāma gokāṇā ­pariyan­ta­cārinī antamantāneva sevati. Evameva suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā; aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo; nālaṃ sallāpāya. So antamantāneva sevati. Iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṃ maññe orodheyyāmā”ti.

Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atik­kanta­mānusi­kāya sandhānassa gahapatissa nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohitvā yena sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkami. Addasā kho nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamantaṃ. Disvāna sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhāpesi: “appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha, ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamati. Appasaddakāmo kho pana so āyasmā, appasaddassa vaṇṇavādī. Appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅka­mi­tabbaṃ maññeyya. Sace samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, imaṃ taṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyāma: ‘ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādib­rahma­cari­yan’”ti? Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.

2. Tapo­jigucchā­vāda

Atha kho bhagavā yena nigrodho paribbājako tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “etu kho, bhante, bhagavā, svāgataṃ, bhante, bhagavato. Cirassaṃ kho, bhante, bhagavā imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīdatu, bhante, bhagavā, idamāsanaṃ paññattan”ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nigrodhopi kho paribbājako aññataraṃ nīcāsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca: “kāya nuttha, nigrodha, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti? Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “idha mayaṃ, bhante, addasāma bhagavantaṃ sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamantaṃ, disvāna evaṃ avocumhā: ‘sace samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, imaṃ taṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyāma: “ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādib­rahma­cari­yan”’ti? Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā; atha bhagavā anuppatto”ti.

“Dujjānaṃ kho etaṃ, nigrodha, tayā aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrāyogena aññat­rā­cari­ya­kena, yenāhaṃ sāvake vinemi, yena mayā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādib­rahma­cari­yaṃ. Iṅgha tvaṃ maṃ, nigrodha, sake ācariyake adhijegucche pañhaṃ puccha: ‘kathaṃ santā nu kho, bhante, tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, kathaṃ aparipuṇṇā’”ti?

Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā unnādino uccā­sadda­ma­hāsaddā ahesuṃ: “acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, samaṇassa gotamassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma sakavādaṃ ṭhapessati, paravādena pavāressatī”ti.

Atha kho nigrodho paribbājako te paribbājake appasadde katvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “mayaṃ kho, bhante, tapo­jigucchā­vādā tapo­jigucchā­sārā tapo­jigucchā­allīnā viharāma. Kathaṃ santā nu kho, bhante, tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, kathaṃ aparipuṇṇā”ti?

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī acelako hoti muttācāro, hatthā­pa­lekhano, naehi­bhaddan­tiko, ­natiṭ­ṭha­bhaddan­tiko, nābhihaṭaṃ, na uddissakataṃ, na nimantanaṃ sādiyati, so na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na kaḷopimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na eḷakamantaraṃ, na daṇḍamantaraṃ, na musalamantaraṃ, na dvinnaṃ bhuñjamānānaṃ, na gabbhiniyā, na pāyamānāya, na puri­santara­gatāya, na saṅkittīsu, na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti, na yattha makkhikā saṇḍa­saṇ­ḍa­cārinī, na macchaṃ, na maṃsaṃ, na suraṃ, na merayaṃ, na thusodakaṃ pivati, so ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko, sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko, ekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti, sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti; ekāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, dvīhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, sattāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, iti evarūpaṃ addhamāsikampi ­pariyā­ya­bhatta­bhoja­nā­nu­yoga­manu­yutto viharati. So sākabhakkho vā hoti, sāmākabhakkho vā hoti, nīvārabhakkho vā hoti, daddulabhakkho vā hoti, haṭabhakkho vā hoti, kaṇabhakkho vā hoti, ācāmabhakkho vā hoti, piññākabhakkho vā hoti, tiṇabhakkho vā hoti, gomayabhakkho vā hoti; vana­mū­laphalā­hāro yāpeti pavat­ta­phala­bhojī. So sāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṃsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhampi dhāreti, kesa­massu­lo­ca­kopi hoti kesa­massu­loca­nānu­yoga­manu­yutto, ubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsana­pa­ṭikkhitto, ukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭi­kap­pa­dhā­na­manu­yutto, kaṇṭa­kā­passa­yi­kopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṃ kappeti, phala­ka­seyyampi kappeti, ­thaṇ­ḍila­seyyampi kappeti, ekapassayikopi hoti rajojalladharo, abbhokāsikopi hoti yathā­san­tha­tiko, vekaṭikopi hoti vikaṭa­bhoja­nā­nu­yoga­manu­yutto, apānakopi hoti apānakat­ta­manu­yutto, sāya­tatiya­kampi uda­koro­ha­nā­nu­yoga­manu­yutto viharati. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā vā hoti aparipuṇṇā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, no aparipuṇṇā”ti. “Evaṃ paripuṇṇāyapi kho ahaṃ, nigrodha, tapojigucchāya anekavihite upakkilese vadāmī”ti.

2.1. Upakkilesa

“Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ paripuṇṇāya tapojigucchāya anekavihite upakkilese vadatī”ti?

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attamano hoti pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attamano hoti pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā majjati mucchati pamāda­mā­pajjati. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā majjati mucchati pamāda­mā­pajjati. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena attamano hoti pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena attamano hoti pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena majjati mucchati pamāda­mā­pajjati. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena majjati mucchati pamāda­mā­pajjati. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī bhojanesu vodāsaṃ āpajjati: ‘idaṃ me khamati, idaṃ me nakkhamatī’ti. So yañca khvassa nakkhamati, taṃ sāpekkho pajahati. Yaṃ panassa khamati, taṃ gadhito mucchito ajjhāpanno anā­dīna­va­dassāvī anissa­ra­ṇa­pañño paribhuñjati … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati lābhasakkā­ra­siloka­ni­kan­ti­hetu: ‘sakkarissanti maṃ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā apasādetā hoti: ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ sambahulājīvo sabbaṃ sambhakkheti. Seyyathidaṃ—mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, asanivicakkaṃ dantakūṭaṃ, samaṇap­pa­vā­denā’ti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī passati aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā kulesu sakkariyamānaṃ garu­kariya­mānaṃ māniyamānaṃ pūjiyamānaṃ. Disvā tassa evaṃ hoti: ‘imañhi nāma sambahulājīvaṃ kulesu sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Maṃ pana tapassiṃ lūkhājīviṃ kulesu na sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjentī’ti, iti so issā­maccha­ri­yaṃ kulesu uppādetā hoti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī āpāthakanisādī hoti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī attānaṃ adassayamāno kulesu carati: ‘idampi me tapasmiṃ idampi me tapasmin’ti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī kiñcideva paṭicchannaṃ sevati. So ‘khamati te idan’ti puṭṭho samāno akkhamamānaṃ āha: ‘khamatī’ti. Khamamānaṃ āha: ‘nakkhamatī’ti. Iti so sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tathāgatassa vā tathā­gata­sāvakassa vā dhammaṃ desentassa santaṃyeva pariyāyaṃ anuññeyyaṃ nānujānāti … pe … ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī kodhano hoti upanāhī. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī makkhī hoti paḷāsī … pe … issukī hoti maccharī … saṭho hoti māyāvī … thaddho hoti atimānī … pāpiccho hoti pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gato … micchādiṭṭhiko hoti antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato … sandiṭ­ṭhi­parāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī ­duppaṭi­nissaggī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī sandiṭ­ṭhi­parāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī ­duppaṭi­nissaggī. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadime tapojigucchā upakkilesā vā anupakkilesā vā”ti? “Addhā kho ime, bhante, tapojigucchā upakkilesā, no anupakkilesā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhante, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco tapassī sabbeheva imehi upakkilesehi samannāgato assa; ko pana vādo aññata­rañ­ñata­renā”ti.

2.2. Pari­suddha­papaṭi­kap­patta­ka­thā

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attamano hoti na pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attamano hoti na pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo. Evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na majjati na mucchati na pamāda­mā­pajjati … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena na attamano hoti na pari­puṇṇa­saṅkappo … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena na attānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkā­ra­silokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkā­ra­silokena na majjati na mucchati na pamāda­mā­pajjati … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī bhojanesu na vodāsaṃ āpajjati: ‘idaṃ me khamati, idaṃ me nakkhamatī’ti. So yañca khvassa nakkhamati, taṃ anapekkho pajahati. Yaṃ panassa khamati, taṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na tapaṃ samādiyati lābhasakkā­ra­siloka­ni­kan­ti­hetu: ‘sakkarissanti maṃ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā nāpasādetā hoti: ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ sambahulājīvo sabbaṃ sambhakkheti. Seyyathidaṃ—mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, asanivicakkaṃ dantakūṭaṃ, samaṇap­pa­vā­denā’ti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī passati aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā kulesu sakkariyamānaṃ garu kariyamānaṃ māniyamānaṃ pūjiyamānaṃ. Disvā tassa na evaṃ hoti: ‘imañhi nāma sambahulājīvaṃ kulesu sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Maṃ pana tapassiṃ lūkhājīviṃ kulesu na sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjentī’ti, iti so issā­maccha­ri­yaṃ kulesu nuppādetā hoti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na āpāthakanisādī hoti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na attānaṃ adassayamāno kulesu carati: ‘idampi me tapasmiṃ, idampi me tapasmin’ti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na kiñcideva paṭicchannaṃ sevati, so: ‘khamati te idan’ti puṭṭho samāno akkhamamānaṃ āha: ‘nakkhamatī’ti. Khamamānaṃ āha: ‘khamatī’ti. Iti so sampajānamusā na bhāsitā hoti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tathāgatassa vā tathā­gata­sāvakassa vā dhammaṃ desentassa santaṃyeva pariyāyaṃ anuññeyyaṃ anujānāti … pe … evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī akkodhano hoti anupanāhī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī akkodhano hoti anupanāhī evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī amakkhī hoti apaḷāsī … pe … anissukī hoti amaccharī … asaṭho hoti amāyāvī … atthaddho hoti anatimānī … na pāpiccho hoti na pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gato … na micchādiṭṭhiko hoti na antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato … na sandiṭ­ṭhi­parāmāsī hoti na ādhānaggāhī ­suppaṭi­nissaggī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī na sandiṭ­ṭhi­parāmāsī hoti na ādhānaggāhī ­suppaṭi­nissaggī. Evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho papaṭikappattā hotī”ti.

2.3. Pari­suddha­tacap­patta­ka­thā

“Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti.

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti? Idha, nigrodha, tapassī na pāṇaṃ atipāteti, na pāṇaṃ atipātayati, na pāṇama­ti­pāta­yato samanuñño hoti. Na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na adinnaṃ ādiyāpeti, na adinnaṃ ādiyato samanuñño hoti. Na musā bhaṇati, na musā bhaṇāpeti, na musā bhaṇato samanuñño hoti. Na bhāvi­ta­mā­sīsati, na bhāvi­ta­mā­sīsā­peti, na bhāvi­ta­mā­sīsato samanuñño hoti. Evaṃ kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti.

Yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍa­pāta­paṭik­kanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatā­bhij­jhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti. Byāpā­dap­padosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabba­pāṇa­bhūta­hi­tānukampī, byāpādappadosā cittaṃ parisodheti. Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigata­thina­middho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti. Uddhac­ca­kukkuc­caṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhac­ca­kukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇ­ṇavici­kiccho viharati akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.

So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettā­saha­gatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettā­saha­gatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … muditā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … upekkhā­saha­gatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhā­saha­gatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.

Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha. Yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho tacappattā hotī”ti.

2.4. Pari­suddha­pheggup­patta­ka­thā

“Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti.

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti … pe … yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati … pe … so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … karuṇā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … muditā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … upekkhā­saha­gatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ—ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jāti­sata­sahas­sampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃ­vaṭṭa­vi­vaṭṭa­kappe: ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsu­kha­duk­khap­paṭi­saṃ­vedī evamā­yu­pariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ, tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsu­kha­duk­khap­paṭi­saṃ­vedī evamā­yu­pariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti, no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho phegguppattā hotī”ti.

3. Pari­suddha­aggap­patta­sārap­patta­ka­thā

“Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti.

“Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti … pe … yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātu­yāma­saṃ­vara­saṃ­vuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati … pe … so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettā­saha­gatena cetasā … pe … upekkhā­saha­gatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Seyyathidaṃ— ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo … pe … iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atik­kanta­mānusa­kena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti: ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāya­ducca­ritena samannāgatā vacī­ducca­ritena samannāgatā mano­ducca­ritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchā­diṭṭhi­kamma­sa­mādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammā­diṭṭhi­kam­masamā­dānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atik­kanta­mānusa­kena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.

Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti.

“Ettāvatā kho, nigrodha, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca. Iti kho, nigrodha, yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ avacāsi: ‘ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādib­rahma­cari­yan’ti. Iti kho taṃ, nigrodha, ṭhānaṃ uttaritarañca paṇītatarañca, yenāhaṃ sāvake vinemi, yena mayā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādib­rahma­cari­yan”ti.

Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā unnādino uccā­sadda­ma­hāsaddā ahesuṃ: “ettha mayaṃ anassāma sācariyakā, na mayaṃ ito bhiyyo uttaritaraṃ pajānāmā”ti.

4. Nigrodhas­sa­paj­jhā­yana

Yadā aññāsi sandhāno gahapati: “aññadatthu kho dānime aññatitthiyā paribbājakā bhagavato bhāsitaṃ sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti, aññācittaṃ upaṭṭhāpentī”ti. Atha nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca: “iti kho, bhante nigrodha, yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ avacāsi: ‘yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṃ sallapati, kena sākacchaṃ samāpajjati, kena paññā­vey­yat­tiyaṃ samāpajjati, suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā, aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya, so antamantāneva sevati; seyyathāpi nāma gokāṇā ­pariyan­ta­cārinī antamantāneva sevati. Evameva suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā, aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya; so antamantāneva sevati; iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṃ maññe orodheyyāmā’ti. Ayaṃ kho so, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho idhānuppatto, aparisāvacaraṃ pana naṃ karotha, gokāṇaṃ ­pariyan­ta­cāri­niṃ karotha, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādetha, tucchakumbhīva naṃ orodhethā”ti. Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdi.

Atha kho bhagavā nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ maṅkubhūtaṃ pattakkhandhaṃ adhomukhaṃ pajjhāyantaṃ appaṭibhānaṃ viditvā nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca: “saccaṃ kira, nigrodha, bhāsitā te esā vācā”ti? “Saccaṃ, bhante, bhāsitā me esā vācā, yathābālena yathāmūḷhena yathāakusalenā”ti. “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha. Kinti te sutaṃ paribbājakānaṃ vuḍḍhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācari­ya­pācari­yā­naṃ bhāsamānānaṃ: ‘ye te ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā, evaṃ su te bhagavanto saṅgamma samāgamma unnādino uccā­sadda­ma­hāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchā­na­kathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ—rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ … pe … iti­bhavā­bhava­kathaṃ iti vā. Seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako. Udāhu, evaṃ su te bhagavanto arañña­vana­patthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni ­manus­sa­rāhas­seyya­kāni paṭi­sallā­na­sārup­pāni, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahī’”ti.

“Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante. Paribbājakānaṃ vuḍḍhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācari­ya­pācari­yā­naṃ bhāsamānānaṃ: ‘ye te ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā, na evaṃ su te bhagavanto saṅgamma samāgamma unnādino uccā­sadda­ma­hāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchā­na­kathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ—rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ … pe … iti­bhavā­bhava­kathaṃ iti vā, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahi sācariyako. Evaṃ su te bhagavanto arañña­vana­patthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni ­manus­sa­rāhas­seyya­kāni paṭi­sallā­na­sārup­pāni, seyyathāpi bhagavā etarahī’”ti.

“Tassa te, nigrodha, viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi: ‘buddho so bhagavā bodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, danto so bhagavā damathāya dhammaṃ deseti, santo so bhagavā samathāya dhammaṃ deseti, tiṇṇo so bhagavā taraṇāya dhammaṃ deseti, parinibbuto so bhagavā parinibbānāya dhammaṃ desetī’”ti?

5. Brahma­cari­ya­pari­yosāna­sacchi­kiriyā

Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yvāhaṃ evaṃ bhagavantaṃ avacāsiṃ. Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā”ti. “Taggha tvaṃ, nigrodha, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yo maṃ tvaṃ evaṃ avacāsi. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, nigrodha, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, nigrodha, ariyassa vinaye, yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Ahaṃ kho pana, nigrodha, evaṃ vadāmi:

‘Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno—yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ—brahma­cari­ya­pari­yosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati sattavassāni. Tiṭṭhantu, nigrodha, satta vassāni. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno— yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ— brahma­cari­ya­pari­yosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati cha vassāni. Pañca vassāni … cattāri vassāni … tīṇi vassāni … dve vassāni … ekaṃ vassaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, nigrodha, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno—yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ—brahma­cari­ya­pari­yosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati satta māsāni. Tiṭṭhantu, nigrodha, satta māsāni … cha māsāni … pañca māsāni … cattāri māsāni … tīṇi māsāni … dve māsāni … ekaṃ māsaṃ … aḍḍhamāsaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, nigrodha, aḍḍhamāso. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno—yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ—brahma­cari­ya­pari­yosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati sattāhaṃ’.

6. Parib­bāja­kā­naṃ­paj­jhā­yana

Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa: ‘antevā­si­kam­yatā no samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo ācariyo, so eva vo ācariyo hotu.

Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa: ‘uddesā no cāvetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo uddeso so eva vo uddeso hotu.

Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa: ‘ājīvā no cāvetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo ājīvo, so eva vo ājīvo hotu.

Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa: ‘ye no dhammā akusalā akusa­la­saṅ­khātā sācariyakānaṃ, tesu patiṭ­ṭhā­pe­tukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Akusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu akusa­la­saṅ­khātā ca sācariyakānaṃ.

Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa: ‘ye no dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tehi vivecetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu kusalasaṅkhātā ca sācariyakānaṃ.

Iti khvāhaṃ, nigrodha, neva antevā­si­kam­yatā evaṃ vadāmi, napi uddesā cāvetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ājīvā cāvetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā akusalā akusa­la­saṅ­khātā sācariyakānaṃ, tesu patiṭ­ṭhā­pe­tukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tehi vivecetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi. Santi ca kho, nigrodha, akusalā dhammā appahīnā saṃkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṃ jāti­jarā­maraṇiyā, yesāhaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desemi. Yathā­paṭi­pannā­naṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodānīyā dhammā abhivaḍ­ḍhis­santi, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā”ti.

Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā tuṇhībhūtā maṅkubhūtā pattakkhandhā adhomukhā pajjhāyantā appaṭibhānā nisīdiṃsu yathā taṃ mārena pari­yuṭ­ṭhi­ta­cittā. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi: “sabbepime moghapurisā phuṭṭhā pāpimatā. Yatra hi nāma ekassapi na evaṃ bhavissati: ‘handa mayaṃ aññāṇatthampi samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ carāma, kiṃ karissati sattāho’”ti?

Atha kho bhagavā udumbarikāya parib­bāja­kā­rāme sīhanādaṃ naditvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā gijjhakūṭe pabbate paccupaṭṭhāsi. Sandhāno pana gahapati tāvadeva rājagahaṃ pāvisīti.

Udum­bari­ka­suttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.