Majjhima Nikāya 133

Mahā­kaccāna­bhad­deka­ratta­sutta

Evaṃ me sutaṃ—​   ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati tapodārāme. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo tenupasaṅkami gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsi gattāni pubbāpayamāno. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkan­ta­vaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā āyasmantaṃ samiddhiṃ etadavoca: “dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā”ti? “Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā”ti? “Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthā”ti? “Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthā”ti? “Ahampi kho, bhikkhu na dhāremi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādib­rahma­cari­yako”ti. Idamavoca sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā tat­the­vantara­dhāyi.

Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi tassā rattiyā accayena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: 

“Idhāhaṃ, bhante, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo tenupasaṅkamiṃ gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsiṃ gattāni pubbāpayamāno. Atha kho bhante, aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkan­ta­vaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā maṃ etadavoca: ‘dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’ti?

Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ devataṃ etadavocaṃ: ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’ti? ‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhad­deka­rattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhad­deka­rattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādib­rahma­cari­yako’ti. Idamavoca, bhante, sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā tat­the­vantara­dhāyi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā bhad­deka­rattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desetū”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhu, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca: 

“Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ,
appattañca anāgataṃ.

Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ,
tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṅkuppaṃ,
taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ,
ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena,
mahāsenena maccunā.

Evaṃvihāriṃ ātāpiṃ,
ahorat­ta­matandi­taṃ;
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā; idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, acira­pakkan­tassa bhagavato, etadahosi: “idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ,
appattañca anāgataṃ.

Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ,
tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṅkuppaṃ,
taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ,
ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena,
mahāsenena maccunā.

Evaṃvihāriṃ ātāpiṃ,
ahorat­ta­matandi­taṃ;
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā”ti?

Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi: “ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sab­rahma­cārī­naṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yannūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenu­pasaṅka­mey­yāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yāmā”ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenu­pasaṅka­miṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavocuṃ: “idaṃ kho no, āvuso kaccāna, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
… pe …
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ, acira­pakkan­tassa bhagavato, etadahosi—idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
… pe …
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti? Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ etadahosi: ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sab­rahma­cārī­naṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yannūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenu­pasaṅka­mey­yāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yāmā’ti. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno”ti.

“Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sāra­pari­yesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva mūlaṃ atikkamma khandhaṃ sākhāpalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya; evaṃ­sam­pada­midaṃ āyasmantānaṃ satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṃ paṭi­pucchi­tab­baṃ maññatha. So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhaga­van­taṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yā­tha, yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā”ti.

“Addhāvuso kaccāna, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhaga­van­taṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yāma; yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma. Api cāyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sab­rahma­cārī­naṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno agaruṃ karitvā”ti.

“Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahākaccāno etadavoca: 

“Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
… pe …
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi—

Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti—tattha ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti … pe … iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti … iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti … iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti … iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti—tattha ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti—evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti.

Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti—tattha na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti … pe … iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti … iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti … iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti … iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti—tattha na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa, na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti—evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti.

Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti rūpāti—appaṭi­laddhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhā­na­pac­cayā tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti saddāti … pe … iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti gandhāti … iti me jivhā siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti rasāti … iti me kāyo siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti … iti me mano siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti dhammāti—appaṭi­laddhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhā­na­pac­cayā tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati—evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati.

Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ nap­paṭikaṅ­khati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti rūpāti—appaṭi­laddhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati, cetaso appa­ṇidhā­na­pac­cayā na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto anāgataṃ nap­paṭikaṅ­khati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti saddāti … pe … iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti gandhāti … iti me jivhā siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti rasāti … iti me kāyo siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti … iti me mano siyā anāga­ta­maddhā­naṃ iti dhammāti—appaṭi­laddhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati, cetaso appa­ṇidhā­na­pac­cayā na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto anāgataṃ nap­paṭikaṅ­khati—evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ nap­paṭikaṅ­khati.

Kathañca, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā—ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiñce paccuppanne ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā … pe … yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā … yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā … yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā … yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā—ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiñce paccuppanne ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, ­tada­bhi­nandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati—evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati.

Kathañca, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā—ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiñce paccuppanne na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā … pe … yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā … yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā … yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā … yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā—ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiñce paccuppanne na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na ­chanda­rā­gap­paṭi­baddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na ­tada­bhi­nandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati—evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.

Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
… pe …
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhaga­van­taṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yā­tha, yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā”ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenu­pasaṅka­miṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ: “yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
… pe …
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī’ti.

Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ, acira­pakkan­tassa bhagavato, etadahosi: ‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: 

“Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya,
nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ,
appattañca anāgataṃ.

Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ,
tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṅkuppaṃ,
taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ,
ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena,
mahāsenena maccunā.

Evaṃvihāriṃ ātāpiṃ,
ahorat­ta­matandi­taṃ;
Taṃ ve bhadde­karat­toti,
santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’ti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi: ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sab­rahma­cārī­naṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yannūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenu­pasaṅka­mey­yāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenu­pasaṅka­mimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā mahākaccānena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto”ti.

“Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno; mahāpañño, bhikkhave mahākaccāno. Mañcepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuc­chey­yā­tha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ mahākaccānena byākataṃ. Eso cevetassa attho. Evañca naṃ dhārethā”ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

Mahā­kaccāna­bhadde­karat­ta­suttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.