Theravāda Vinaya

Mahāvibhaṅga

Saṃ­ghā­di­sesa­kaṇḍa

Saṅghādisesā 10: Saṃ­gha­bhe­da­sikkhā­pada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalanda­ka­nivāpe. Atha kho devadatto yena kokāliko kaṭa­modaka­tissako khaṇḍadeviyā putto samuddadatto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā kokālikaṃ kaṭa­modaka­tis­sakaṃ khaṇḍadeviyā puttaṃ samuddadattaṃ etadavoca—“etha mayaṃ, āvuso, samaṇassa gotamassa saṃghabhedaṃ karissāma cakkabhedan”ti. Evaṃ vutte, kokāliko devadattaṃ etadavoca—“samaṇo kho, āvuso, gotamo mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo. Kathaṃ mayaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa saṃghabhedaṃ karissāma cakkabhedan”ti? “Etha mayaṃ, āvuso, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañca vatthūni yācissāma—‘bhagavā, bhante, aneka­pariyā­yena appicchassa santuṭṭhassa sallekhassa dhutassa pāsādikassa apacayassa vīriyā­rambhassa vaṇṇavādī. Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni aneka­pariyā­yena appicchatāya santuṭṭhiyā sallekhāya dhutatāya pāsādikatāya apacayāya vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti. Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṃ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṃ osareyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ piṇḍapātikā assu; yo nimantanaṃ sādiyeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ paṃsukūlikā assu; yo gahapa­ti­cīva­raṃ sādiyeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ rukkhamūlikā assu; yo channaṃ upagaccheyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ na khādeyyuṃ; yo macchamaṃsaṃ khādeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyyā’ti. Imāni samaṇo gotamo nānujānissati. Te mayaṃ imehi pañcahi vatthūhi janaṃ saññāpessāmāti. Sakkā kho, āvuso, imehi pañcahi vatthūhi samaṇassa gotamassa saṃghabhedo kātuṃ cakkabhedo. Lūkhapasannā hi, āvuso, manussā”ti.

Atha kho devadatto sapariso yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho devadatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca—“bhagavā, bhante, aneka­pariyā­yena appicchassa … pe … vīriyā­rambhassa vaṇṇavādī. Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni aneka­pariyā­yena appicchatāya … pe … vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti. Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṃ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṃ osareyya vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya … pe … yāvajīvaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ na khādeyyuṃ, yo macchamaṃsaṃ khādeyya vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyyā”ti. “Alaṃ, devadatta, yo icchati āraññiko hotu, yo icchati gāmante viharatu; yo icchati piṇḍapātiko hotu, yo icchati nimantanaṃ sādiyatu; yo icchati paṃsukūliko hotu, yo icchati gahapa­ti­cīva­raṃ sādiyatu. Aṭṭhamāse kho mayā, devadatta, rukkha­mūla­se­nāsa­naṃ anuññātaṃ, tikoṭi­pari­suddhaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ— adiṭṭhaṃ asutaṃ aparisaṅkitan”ti. Atha kho devadatto—“na bhagavā imāni pañca vatthūni anujānātī”ti haṭṭho udaggo sapariso uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.

Atha kho devadatto sapariso rājagahaṃ pavisitvā pañcahi vatthūhi janaṃ saññāpesi—“mayaṃ, āvuso, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañca vatthūni yācimhā—‘bhagavā, bhante, aneka­pariyā­yena appicchassa santuṭṭhassa sallekhassa dhutassa pāsādikassa apacayassa vīriyā­rambhassa vaṇṇavādī. Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni aneka­pariyā­yena appicchatāya santuṭṭhiyā sallekhāya dhutatāya pāsādikatāya apacayāya vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti. Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṃ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṃ osareyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ piṇḍapātikā assu; yo nimantanaṃ sādiyeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ paṃsukūlikā assu; yo gahapa­ti­cīva­raṃ sādiyeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ rukkhamūlikā assu; yo channaṃ upagaccheyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyya. Yāvajīvaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ na khādeyyuṃ; yo macchamaṃsaṃ khādeyya, vajjaṃ naṃ phuseyyā’ti. Imāni samaṇo gotamo nānujānāti. Te mayaṃ imehi pañcahi vatthūhi samādāya vattāmā”ti.

Tattha ye te manussā assaddhā appasannā dubbuddhino te evamāhaṃsu—“ime kho samaṇā sakyaputtiyā dhutā sal­lekha­vuttino, samaṇo pana gotamo bāhulliko bāhullāya cetetī”ti. Ye pana te manussā saddhā pasannā paṇḍitā byattā buddhimanto te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma devadatto bhagavato saṃghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā”ti.

Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma devadatto saṃghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā”ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū devadattaṃ aneka­pariyā­yena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ … pe … “saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, devadatta, saṃghabhedāya parakkamasi cakkabhedāyā”ti? “Saccaṃ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, saṃghabhedāya parakkamissasi cakkabhedāya. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha—

“Yo pana bhikkhu samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkameyya, bheda­na­saṃ­vatta­ni­kaṃ vā adhikaraṇaṃ samādāya paggayha tiṭṭheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—‘māyasmā samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkami, bheda­na­saṃ­vatta­ni­kaṃ vā adhikaraṇaṃ samādāya paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Sametāyasmā saṃghena. Samaggo hi saṃgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī’ti. Evañca so bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva paggaṇheyya, so bhikkhu bhikkhūhi yāvatatiyaṃ sama­nubhā­si­tabbo tassa paṭinissaggāya. Yāvatatiyañce sama­nubhā­si­yamāno taṃ paṭi­nissaj­jeyya, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭi­nissaj­jeyya, saṃghādiseso”ti. (10:14)

Yo panāti yo yādiso … pe … bhikkhūti … pe … ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

Samaggo nāma saṃgho samā­nasaṃ­vāsako samānasīmāyaṃ ṭhito.

Bhedāya parakkameyyāti—“kathaṃ ime nānā assu, vinā assu, vaggā assū”ti pakkhaṃ pariyesati, gaṇaṃ bandhati.

Bheda­na­saṃ­vatta­ni­kaṃ vā adhikaraṇanti aṭṭhā­ra­sa­bheda­ka­ra­vatthūni.

Samādāyāti ādāya.

Paggayhāti dīpeyya.

Tiṭṭheyyāti na paṭi­nissaj­jeyya.

So bhikkhūti yo so saṃghabhedako bhikkhu.

Bhikkhūhīti aññehi bhikkhūhi.

Ye passanti, ye suṇanti, tehi vattabbo—“māyasmā samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkami, bheda­na­saṃ­vatta­ni­kaṃ vā adhikaraṇaṃ samādāya paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Sametāyasmā saṃghena. Samaggo hi saṃgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī”ti. Dutiyampi vattabbo. Tatiyampi vattabbo. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. So bhikkhu saṃgha­majjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbo—“māyasmā samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkami, bheda­na­saṃ­vatta­ni­kaṃ vā adhikaraṇaṃ samādāya paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Sametāyasmā saṃghena. Samaggo hi saṃgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī”ti. Dutiyampi vattabbo. Tatiyampi vattabbo. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. So bhikkhu sama­nubhā­si­tabbo—“evañca pana, bhikkhave, sama­nubhā­si­tabbo. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṃgho ñāpetabbo—

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkamati. So taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṃghassa pattakallaṃ, saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.

Suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkamati. So taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi … pe … tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi—suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu samaggassa saṃghassa bhedāya parakkamati. So taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

Samanubhaṭṭho saṃghena itthannāmo bhikkhu tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṃghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’”ti.

Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kamma­vācā­pari­yosāne āpatti saṃ­ghā­di­sesassa. Saṃghādisesaṃ ajjhā­pajjan­tassa ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippas­sam­bhanti.

Saṃghādisesoti … pe … tenapi vuccati saṃghādisesoti.

Dhammakamme dhamma­kamma­saññī na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṃ­ghā­di­sesassa.

Dhammakamme vematiko na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṃ­ghā­di­sesassa.

Dhammakamme adhamma­kamma­saññī na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṃ­ghā­di­sesassa.

Adhammakamme dhamma­kamma­saññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Adhammakamme vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Adhammakamme adhamma­kamma­saññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Anāpatti—asama­nu­bhāsan­tassa, paṭi­nissaj­jan­tassa, ummattakassa, khittacittassa, vedanāṭṭassa, ādi­kammi­kas­sāti.

Saṃ­gha­bhe­da­sikkhā­padaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.