Buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ sāsanaṃ tividhena saṅgahaṃ gacchati, khandhesu dhātūsu āyatanesu ca. Tattha pañcakkhandhā rūpakkhandho yāva viññā­ṇak­khan­dho. Dasa rūpaāyatanāni cakkhu rūpā ca yāva kāyo phoṭṭhabbā ca, ayaṃ rūpakkhandho. Tattha cha vedanākāyā vedanākkhandho cak­khu­samphas­sajā vedanā yāva mano­samphas­sajā vedanā, ayaṃ vedanākkhandho. Tattha cha saññākāyā saññākkhandho, rūpasaññā yāva dhammasaññā ime cha saññākāyā, ayaṃ saññākkhandho. Tattha cha cetanākāyā saṅ­khā­rak­khan­dho, rūpasañcetanā yāva dhamma­sañ­cetanā ime cha cetanākāyā, ayaṃ saṅ­khā­rak­khan­dho. Tattha cha viññāṇakāyā viññā­ṇak­khan­dho, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ yāva manoviññāṇaṃ ime cha viññāṇakāyā, ayaṃ viññā­ṇak­khan­dho. Ime pañcakkhandhā. (1)

Tesaṃ kā pariññā? Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ saññā anattāti esā etesaṃ pariññā. Tattha katamo khandhattho? Samūhattho khandhattho, puñjattho khandhattho, rāsattho khandhattho. Taṃ yathā dabbakkhandho vanakkhandho dārukkhandho aggikkhandho udakakkhandho vāyukkhandho iti evaṃ khandhesu sabbasaṅgahova evaṃ khandhattho.

Tattha aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo cakkhudhātu rūpadhātu cak­khu­viñ­ñā­ṇa­dhātu … pe … manodhātu dhammadhātu mano­viñ­ñā­ṇa­dhātu. Etāyo aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo. Tāsaṃ pariññā aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ saññā anattāti esā etāsaṃ pariññā. Tattha ko dhātuattho? Vuccate avayavattho dhātuattho. Avayavoti cakkhu no pasādo cakkhudhātu. Evaṃ pañcasu dhātūsu puna rāgava­vac­chedat­tho dhātuattho. Vavacchinnā hi cakkhudhātu. Evaṃ pañcasu punarāha ekanti­pakat­yat­thena dhātuatthoti vuccate. Taṃ yathā, pakatiyā ayaṃ puriso pittiko semhiko vātiko sannipātikoti evaṃ pakati­cak­khu­dhātu dasannaṃ piyā ca sabbesu indriyesu … pe … visabhāgattho dhātuattho. (2)

Tattha dvāda­sāyata­nāni katamāni? Cha ajjhattikāni cha bāhirāni. Cakkhāyatanaṃ yāva manāyatananti ajjhattikaṃ, rūpāyatanaṃ yāva dham­māyata­nanti bāhiraṃ. Etāni dvādasa āyatanāni. Etesaṃ kā pariññā? Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ saññā anattāti, esā etesaṃ pariññā. Api ca dvidhā pariññā ñātapariññā ca pahānapariññā ca. Tattha ñātapariññā nāma aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ saññā anattāti, esā ñātapariññā. Pahānapariññā pana ­chanda­rāgap­pahānā, esā pahānapariññā. Tattha katamo āyatanattho? Vuccate ākārattho āyatanattho. Yathā suvaṇṇākaro dubbaṇṇākaro, yathā dvīhi tehi ākārehi te te gāvā uttiṭṭhanti. Evaṃ ete hi cittacetasikā gāvā uttiṭṭhanti kammakilesā dukkhadhammā ca. Punarāha āyadānattho āyatanattho. Yathā rañño āyadānehi āyo bhavati, evaṃ āyadānattho āyatanattho. (3)

Cattāri ariyasaccāni dukkhaṃ samudayo nirodho maggo ca. Dukkhaṃ yathā samāsena dhammācariyaṃ mānasañca, samudayo samāsena avijjā ca taṇhā ca, nirodho samāsena vijjā ca vimutti ca, maggo samāsena samatho ca vipassanā ca. (4)

Tattha sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhikā dhammā katame? Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā yāva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, evamete sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhikā dhammā. Ye dhammā atītā­nāgata­pac­cup­pan­nā­naṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ pac­ce­ka­buddhā­naṃ sāvakānaṃ ca nibbānāya saṃvattantīti, so maggo cattāro satipaṭṭhānā. Katame cattāro? Idha bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati, sammappadhānaṃ … iddhipādaṃ … indriyāni … balāni … tattha ko indriyattho? Indattho indriyattho, ādhipa­teyyat­tho indriyattho, pasādattho indriyattho, asādhāraṇaṃ kassa kiriyattho indriyattho; anava­pariyat­tho balattho, thāmattho balattho, upādāyattho balattho, upattham­bha­nat­tho balattho.

Tattha katame satta bojjhaṅgā? Sati­sam­boj­jhaṅgo yāva upekkhā­sam­boj­jhaṅgo. Tattha katamo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo? Sammādiṭṭhi yāva sammāsamādhi. Tattha aṭṭhaṅgiko maggoti khandho sīlakkhandho ca samā­dhik­khan­dho ca paññākkhandho ca. Tattha yā ca sammāvācā yo ca sammākammanto yo ca sammāājīvo, ayaṃ sīlakkhandho. Yā ca sammāsati yo ca sammāvāyāmo yo ca sammāsamādhi, ayaṃ samā­dhik­khan­dho. Yo ca sammāsaṅkappo yā ca sammādiṭṭhi, ayaṃ paññākkhandho. Evaṃ tāyo tisso sikkhā. Evaṃ tīhākārehi dasa padāni … pe ….

Tattha yogāvacaro sīlakkhandhe ṭhito dosaṃ akusalaṃ na upādiyati, dosānusayaṃ samūhanati, dosasallaṃ uddharati, dukkhavedanaṃ parijānāti, kāmadhātuṃ samatikkamati. Samā­dhik­khan­dhe ṭhito lobhaṃ akusalaṃ na upādiyati, rāgānusayaṃ samūhanati, lobhasallaṃ uddharati, sukhavedanaṃ parijānāti, rūpadhātuṃ samatikkamati. Paññākkhandhe ṭhito mohaṃ akusalaṃ na upādiyati, avijjānusayaṃ samūhanati, mohasallaṃ diṭṭhisallañca uddharati, aduk­kha­ma­su­kha­vedanaṃ parijānāti, arūpadhātuṃ samatikkamati. Iti tīhi khandhehi tīṇi akusalamūlāni na upādiyati, cattāri sallāni uddharati, tisso vedanā parijānāti, tedhātukaṃ samatikkamati. (5)

Tattha katamā avijjā? Yaṃ catūsu ariyasaccesu aññāṇanti vitthārena yathā so pāṇasajjesu kathaṃkathā kātabbaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ viññāṇaṃ? Cha viññāṇakāyā vedanā saññā cetanā phasso manasikāro, idaṃ nāmaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ rūpaṃ? ­Cātuma­hā­bhū­tikaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpassa paññattiṃ. Iti purimakañca nāmaṃ idañca rūpaṃ tadubhayaṃ nāmarūpanti vuccati. Tattha chaḷāyatananti cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, cakkhu ajjhattikaṃ āyatanaṃ yāva mano ajjhattikaṃ āyatanaṃ. Phassoti cha phassakāyā cak­khu­samphasso yāva mano­samphas­soti phasso. Cha vedanākāyā vedanā. Taṇhāti cha taṇhākāyā taṇhā. Upādānanti cattāri upādānāni kāmupādānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlab­ba­tu­pādā­naṃ attavā­du­pādā­nanti upādānaṃ. Bhavoti tayo bhavā kāmabhavo rūpabhavo arūpabhavo. Tattha katamā jāti? Yā paṭhamaṃ khandhānaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhātūnaṃ paṭhamaṃ āyatanānaṃ uppatti jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo, ayaṃ jāti. Tattha katamā jarā? Jarā nāma yaṃ taṃ khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā pavivittaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ vivaṇṇataṃ bhaggo taṃ jarā hīyanā pahīyanā āyuno hāni saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paribhedo upanāho paripāko, ayaṃ jarā. Tattha katamaṃ maraṇaṃ? Maraṇaṃ nāma yaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sattanikāye tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ cuti cavanatā maraṇaṃ kālaṃkiriyā uddhumātakānaṃ bhedo kāyassa jīvi­tin­driyassa upacchedo, idaṃ maraṇaṃ. Iti purimikā ca jarā idañca maraṇaṃ tadubhayaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ.

Tattha andha­kā­ra­timisā yathābhūtaṃ appajāna­na­lak­khaṇā avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abhi­saṅ­kha­ra­ṇa­lak­khaṇā saṅkhārā, upa­ca­ya­pu­nabbha­vā­bhi­ropana­paccu­paṭṭhānā. Te viññāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vatthu saviñ­ñatti­lak­kha­ṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ, taṃ nāmarūpassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ane­kasannis­saya­lak­kha­ṇaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, taṃ saḷāyatanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Indriya­va­vatthā­pana­lak­kha­ṇaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ, taṃ phassassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sanni­pāta­lak­khaṇo phasso, so vedanāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Anubha­va­na­lak­khaṇā vedanā, sā taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ajjho­sā­na­lak­khaṇā taṇhā, sā upādānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ādāna­pari­hanana­lak­kha­ṇaṃ upādānaṃ, taṃ bhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Nānāga­ti­vikkhepa­lak­khaṇo bhavo, so jātiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Khandhānaṃ pātu­bhāva­lak­khaṇā jāti, sā jarāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Upanaya­pari­pāka­lak­khaṇā jarā, sā maraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Āyuk­kha­ya­jīvita­u­paro­dha­lak­kha­ṇaṃ maraṇaṃ, taṃ dukkhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ­Kāyasam­pīḷa­na­lak­kha­ṇaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ domanassassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Citta­sam­pīḷa­na­lak­kha­ṇaṃ domanassaṃ, taṃ sokassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Socanalakkhaṇo soko, so paridevassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vacī­nicchā­raṇa­lak­khaṇo paridevo, so upāyāsassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ye āyāsā te upāyāsā.

Nava padāni yattha sabbo akusalapakkho saṅgahaṃ samosaraṇaṃ gacchati. Katamāni nava padāni? Dve mūlakilesā, tīṇi akusalamūlāni, cattāro vipallāsā. Tattha dve mūlakilesā avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca, tīṇi akusalamūlāni lobho doso moho ca. Cattāro vipallāsā—“anicce niccan”ti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhi­vi­pallāso, “dukkhe sukhan”ti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhi­vi­pallāso, “anattani attā”ti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhi­vi­pallāso, “asubhe subhan”ti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhi­vi­pallāso.

Tattha avijjā nāma catūsu ariyasaccesu yathābhūtaṃ aññāṇaṃ, ayaṃ avijjā. Bhavataṇhā nāma yo bhavesu rāgo sārāgo icchā mucchā patthanā nandī ajjhosānaṃ apariccāgo, ayaṃ bhavataṇhā.

Tattha katamo lobho akusalamūlaṃ? Lobho nāma so tesu tesu paravatthūsu paradabbesu paraṭṭhānesu parasā­pa­teyyesu para­parig­gahi­tesu lobho lubbhanā icchā mucchā patthanā nandī ajjhosānaṃ apariccāgo, ayaṃ lobho akusalamūlaṃ. Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Lobho lobhajassa akusalassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa ca, tathā yathā taṃ­sam­payut­tā­naṃ citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ.

Tattha katamo doso akusalamūlaṃ? So sattesu āghāto akkhanti appaccayo byāpādo padoso anatthakāmatā cetaso paṭighāto, ayaṃ doso akusalamūlaṃ.

Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Dosajassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa sam­payut­tā­nañca citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ.

Tattha katamo moho akusalamūlaṃ? Yaṃ catūsu ariyasaccesu anabhisamayo asampajjaggāho appaṭivedho moho muyhanā sammoho sammuyhanā avijjā tamo andhakāro āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ chadanaṃ acchadanaṃ apasac­chāgama­naṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, ayaṃ moho akusalamūlaṃ.

Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Mohajassa akusalassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa ca taṃ­sam­payut­ta­kānañca citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ. (6)

Tattha vipallāsā jānitabbā, vipallāsānaṃ vatthu jānitabbaṃ. Yaṃ vipallāsaṃ siyā, taṃ jānitabbaṃ. Tattha eko vipallāso tīṇi vipallāsāni cattāri vipallā­sa­vatthūni. Katamo eko vipallāso ca, yena paṭipakkhena vipallāsitaṃ gaṇhāti? “Anicce niccan”ti, “dukkhe sukhan”ti, “anattani attā”ti, “asubhe subhan”ti, ayaṃ eko vipallāso.

Katamāni cattāri vipallā­sa­vatthūni? Kāyo vedanā cittaṃ dhammā ca. Imāni cattāri vipallā­sa­vatthūni.

Katamāni tīṇi vipallāsāni? Saññā cittaṃ diṭṭhi ca. Imāni tīṇi vipallāsāni.

Tattha manāpike vatthumhi indriyavatthe vaṇṇāyatane vā yo nimittassa uggāho, ayaṃ saññāvipallāso. Tattha viparī­ta­cittassa vatthumhi sati viññatti, ayaṃ cittavipallāso. Tattha viparī­ta­cittassa tamhi rūpe “asubhe subhan”ti yā khanti ruci upekkhanā nicchayo diṭṭhi nidassanaṃ santīraṇā, ayaṃ diṭṭhi­vi­pallāso. Tattha vatthubhedena kāyesu dvādasa vipallāsā bhavanti. Tayo kāye tayo vedanāya tayo citte tayo dhamme, cattāro saññāvipallāsā cattāro cittavipallāsā cattāro diṭṭhi­vi­pallāsā, āyata­nūpa­ca­yato cak­khu­viñ­ñā­ṇa­saññā­samaṅ­gissa rūpesu dvādasa vipallāsā yāva mano saññā­samaṅ­gissa, dhammesu dvādasa vipallāsā cha dvādasakā cattāri vipallāsā bhavanti. Āramma­ṇa­nānat­tato hi apari­mi­tasaṅ­kheyyā­naṃ sattānaṃ apari­mita­masaṅ­kheyyā vipallāsā bhavanti hīnukkaṭ­ṭha­maj­jhima­tāya.

Tattha pañcakkhandhā cattāri atta­bhāva­vatthūni bhavanti. Yo rūpakkhandho, so kāyo atta­bhāva­vatthu. Yo vedanākkhandho, so vedanā atta­bhāva­vatthu. Yo saññākkhandho ca saṅ­khā­rak­khan­dho ca, te dhammā atta­bhāva­vatthu. Yo viññā­ṇak­khan­dho, so cittaṃ atta­bhāva­vatthu. Iti pañcakkhandhā cattāri atta­bhāva­vatthūni. Tattha kāye “asubhe subhan”ti. Vipallāso bhavati. Evaṃ vedanāsu … citte … dhammesu ca attavipallāso bhavati. Tattha catunnaṃ vipallāsānaṃ ­samug­ghāta­natthaṃ bhagavā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne deseti paññapeti kāye kāyānupassī viharato “asubhe subhan”ti. Vipallāsaṃ samugghāteti, evaṃ vedanāsu, citte, dhammesu ca kātabbaṃ.

Tattha andha­kā­ra­timisā appa­ṭi­ve­dha­lak­khaṇā avijjā, tassā vipallā­sa­pa­daṭṭhā­naṃ. Ajjho­sā­na­lak­khaṇā taṇhā, tassā piya­rūpa­sā­tarūpaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Attāsaya­vañ­canā­lak­khaṇo lobho, tassa adinnādānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Idha vivādalakkhaṇo doso, tassa pāṇātipāto padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vatthu­vippa­ṭi­patti­lak­khaṇo moho, tassa micchā­paṭi­patti padaṭṭhānaṃ. Saṅkhatānaṃ dhammānaṃ avināsag­gaha­ṇa­lak­khaṇā niccasaññā, tassā sabbasaṅkhārā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sāsava­phas­so­pagama­na­lak­khaṇā sukhasaññā, tassā mamaṅkāro padaṭṭhānaṃ. Dhammesu upaga­mana­lak­khaṇā attasaññā, tassā ahaṅkāro padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vaṇṇa­saṅga­ha­ṇa­lak­khaṇā subhasaññā, tassā indriya­asaṃ­varo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Etehi navahi padehi uddiṭṭhehi sabbo akusalapakkho niddiṭṭho bhavati, so ca kho bahussutena sakkā jānituṃ no appassutena, paññavatā no duppaññena, yuttena no ayuttena.

Nava padāni kusalāni yattha sabbo kusalapakkho saṅgaho samosaraṇaṃ gacchanti. Katamāni nava padāni? Samatho vipassanā alobho adoso amoho aniccasaññā dukkhasaññā anattasaññā asubhasaññā ca. (7)

Tattha katamo samatho? Yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti ṭhānaṃ paṭṭhānaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ samādhi samādhānaṃ avikkhepo avippaṭisāro vūpasamo mānaso ekaggaṃ cittassa, ayaṃ samatho. (8)

Tattha katamā vipassanā? Khandhesu vā dhātūsu vā āyatanesu vā nāmarūpesu vā paṭic­ca­samup­pā­desu vā paṭic­ca­samup­pan­nesu vā dhammesu dukkhesu vā samudayesu vā nirodhe vā magge vā kusalākusalesu vā dhammesu sāvajja­a­navaj­jesu vā kaṇhasukkesu vā sevitab­ba­asevi­tab­besu vā so yathābhūtaṃ vicayo pavicayo vīmaṃsā paravīmaṃsā gāhanā aggāhanā pariggāhanā cittena paricitanā tulanā upaparikkhā ñāṇaṃ vijjā vā cakkhu buddhi medhā paññā obhāso āloko ābhā pabhā khaggo nārāco dhamma­vicaya­sam­boj­jhaṅgo sammādiṭṭhi maggaṅgaṃ, ayaṃ vipassanā. Tenesā vipassanā iti vuccati vividhā vā esā vipassanāti, tasmā esā vipassanāti vuccati. Dvidhā cesā hi vipassanā dhamma­vi­passa­nāti vuccati, dvidhā imāya passati subhañca asubhañca kaṇhañca sukkañca sevitabbañca asevitabbañca kammañca vipākañca bandhañca vimokkhañca ācayañca apacayañca pavattiñca nivattiñca saṃkilesañca vodānañca, evaṃ vipassanāti vuccati. Atha vā viiti upasaggo passanāti attho tasmā vipassanāti vuccate, ayaṃ vipassanā. (9)

Tattha dve rogā sattānaṃ avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca, etesaṃ dvinnaṃ rogānaṃ nighātāya bhagavatā dve bhesajjāni vuttāni samatho ca vipassanā ca. Imāni dve bhesajjāni paṭisevento dve aroge sacchikaroti rāgavirāgaṃ cetovimuttiṃ avijjā­virāgañca paññāvimuttiṃ. Tattha taṇhārogassa samatho bhesajjaṃ, rāgavirāgā cetovimutti arogaṃ. Avijjārogassa vipassa­nā­bhesaj­jaṃ avijjāvirāgā paññāvimutti arogaṃ. Evañhi bhagavā cāha, “ dve dhammā pariññeyyā nāmañca rūpañca, dve dhammā pahātabbā avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca, dve dhammā bhāvetabbā samatho ca vipassanā ca, dve dhammā sacchikātabbā vijjā ca vimutti cā”ti. Tattha samathaṃ bhāvento rūpaṃ parijānāti, rūpaṃ parijānanto taṇhaṃ pajahati, taṇhaṃ pajahanto rāgavirāgā cetovimuttiṃ sacchikaroti, vipassanaṃ bhāvento nāmaṃ parijānāti, nāmaṃ parijānanto avijjaṃ pajahati, avijjaṃ pajahanto avijjāvirāgā paññāvimuttiṃ sacchikaroti. Yadā bhikkhuno dve dhammā pariññātā bhavanti nāmañca rūpañca, tathāssa dve dhammā pahīnā bhavanti avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca. Dve dhammā bhāvitā bhavanti samatho ca vipassanā ca, dve dhammā sacchikātabbā bhavanti vijjā ca vimutti ca. Ettāvatā bhikkhu katakicco bhavati. Esā sopādisesā nibbānadhātu. Tassa āyupariyādānā jīvi­tin­driyassa uparodhā idañca dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, aññañca dukkhaṃ na uppajjati. Tattha yo imesaṃ khandhānaṃ dhātu­āyata­nā­naṃ nirodho vūpasamo aññesañca khan­dha­dhātu­āyata­nā­naṃ appaṭisandhi apātubhāvo, ayaṃ anupādisesā nibbānadhātu.

Tattha katamaṃ alobho kusalamūlaṃ? Yaṃdhātuko alobho alubbhanā alubbhitattaṃ anicchā apatthanā akantā anajjhosānaṃ. Ayaṃ alobho kusalamūlaṃ. Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Alobhajassa kusalassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa taṃ­sam­payut­tā­nañca citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ. Atha vā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo kusalanti vuccati, so tiṇṇaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ mūlaṃ. Katamesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ, sam­māsaṅkap­passa sammāvāyāmassa sammā­samā­dhissa ca imesaṃ mūlanti, tasmā kusalamūlanti vuccati. (10)

Tattha katamaṃ adoso kusalamūlaṃ? Yā sattesu vā saṅkhāresu vā anaghāto appaṭighāto abyāpatti abyāpādo adoso mettā mettāyanā atthakāmatā hitakāmatā cetaso pasādo, ayaṃ adoso kusalamūlaṃ. Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Adosajassa kusalassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa taṃ­sam­payut­tā­nañca citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ. Atha vā tiṇṇaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ mūlaṃ. Katamesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ? Sammāvācāya sammā­kamman­tassa sammāājīvassa ca imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ mūlaṃ, tasmā kusalamūlanti vuccati. (11)

Tattha katamaṃ amoho kusalamūlaṃ? Yaṃ catūsu ariyasaccesu yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ abhisamayo sammā ca paccāgamo paṭivedho amoho asammuyhanā asammoho vijjāpakāso āloko anāvaraṇaṃ sekkhānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, ayaṃ amoho kusalamūlaṃ. Kassetaṃ mūlaṃ? Amohajassa kusalassa kāyakammassa vacīkammassa manokammassa taṃ­sam­payut­tā­nañca citta­ce­tasi­kā­naṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ. Atha vā dvinnaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ etaṃ mūlaṃ. Katamesaṃ dvinnaṃ? Sammādiṭṭhiyā ca sammāsatiyā ca imesaṃ dvinnaṃ maggaṅgānaṃ mūlaṃ, tasmā kusalamūlanti vuccati. (12)

Evaṃ imesaṃ tīhi kusalamūlehi aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo yojetabbo.

Tattha katamā aniccasaññā? “Sabbe saṅkhārā uppā­davaya­dham­mino”ti ca yā saññā sañjānanā vavatthapanā uggāho, ayaṃ aniccasaññā. Tassā ko nissando? Aniccasaññāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya aṭṭhasu lokadhammesu cittaṃ nānusandhati na sandhati na saṇṭhahati, upekkhā vā paṭikkūlatā vā saṇṭhahati, ayamassā nissando.

Tattha katamā dukkhasaññā? “Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā”ti yā saññā sañjānanā vavatthapanā uggāho, ayaṃ dukkhasaññā. Tassā ko nissando? Dukkhasaññāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya ālasse sampamāde vimhaye ca cittaṃ nānusandhati na sandhati na saṇṭhahati, upekkhā vā paṭikkūlatā vā saṇṭhahati, ayamassā nissando.

Tattha katamā anattasaññā? “Sabbesu dhammesu anattā”ti yā saññā sañjānanā vavatthapanā uggāho, ayaṃ anattasaññā. Tassā ko nissando, anattasaññāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya ahaṅkāro cittaṃ nānusandhati na sandhati, mamaṅkāro na saṇṭhahati, upekkhā vā paṭikkūlatā vā saṇṭhahati, ayamassā nissando.

Tattha katamā asubhasaññā? “Satta saṅkhārā asubhā”ti yā saññā sañjānanā vavatthapanā uggāho, ayaṃ asubhasaññā. Tassā ko nissando? Asubhasaññāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya subhanimitte cittaṃ nānusandhati na sandhati na saṇṭhahati, upekkhā vā paṭikkūlatā vā saṇṭhahati, ayamassā nissando.

Tattha pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ pariññā bhagavatā desitā, yo tattha asubhasaññā rūpak­khan­dhassa pariññattaṃ, dukkhasaññā veda­nāk­khan­dhassa pariññattaṃ, anattasaññā sañ­ñāk­khan­dhassa saṅ­khā­rak­khan­dhassa pariññattaṃ, aniccasaññā viññā­ṇak­khan­dhassa pariññattaṃ. Tattha samathena taṇhaṃ samugghāteti, vipassanāya avijjaṃ samugghāteti, adosena dosaṃ samugghāteti, amohena mohaṃ samugghāteti, aniccasaññāya niccasaññaṃ samugghāteti, dukkhasaññāya sukhasaññaṃ samugghāteti, anattasaññāya attasaññaṃ samugghāteti, asubhasaññāya subhasaññaṃ samugghāteti.

Citta­vikkhepa­paṭi­saṃha­ra­ṇa­lak­khaṇo samatho, tassa jhānāni padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sabbadhammaṃ yathābhūtaṃ paṭi­vedha­lak­khaṇā vipassanā, tassā sabbaneyyaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Icchā­paṭi­saṃha­ra­ṇa­lak­khaṇo alobho, tassa adinnādānā veramaṇī padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abyāpā­da­lak­khaṇo adoso, tassa pāṇātipātā veramaṇī padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vatthu­appa­ṭiha­ta­lak­khaṇo amoho, tassa sammāpaṭipatti padaṭṭhānaṃ. Saṅkhatānaṃ dhammānaṃ vināsag­gaha­ṇa­lak­khaṇā aniccasaññā, tassā udayabbayo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sāsava­phassa­sañjāna­na­lak­khaṇā dukkhasaññā, tassā vedanā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sab­ba­dham­ma­a­nupaga­mana­lak­khaṇā anattasaññā, tassā dhammasaññā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vinī­lakavi­pubba­ka­ud­dhumā­ta­ka­samug­ga­haṇa­lak­khaṇā asubhasaññā, tassā nibbidā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Imesu navasu padesu upadiṭṭhesu sabbo kusalapakkho upadiṭṭho bhavati, so ca bahussutena sakkā jānituṃ no appassutena, paññavatā no duppaññena, yuttena no ayuttenāti.

Tattha nicca­sañ­ñādhi­muttassa aparāparaṃ cittaṃ paṇāmento sati­mapacca­vek­khato aniccasaññā na upaṭṭhāti, pañcasu kāmaguṇesu sukhas­sā­dādhi­muttassa iriyāpathassa agati­mapacca­vek­khato dukkhasaññā na upaṭṭhāti, khan­dha­dhātu­āyata­nesu attādhi­muttassa nānā­dhātu­a­neka­dhā­tu­vinib­bhoga­mapacca­vek­khato anattasaññā na upaṭṭhāti, vaṇṇa­saṇ­ṭhā­nābhi­ratassa kāye subhādhi­muttassa ca vippaṭicchannā asubhasaññā na upaṭṭhāti.

Avippa­ṭisāra­lak­khaṇā saddhā, saddahanā paccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Tassa cattāri sotā­patti­yaṅgāni padaṭṭhānaṃ. Evañhi vuttaṃ bhagavatā saddhindriyaṃ bhikkhave, kuhiṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu sotā­patti­yaṅ­gesu kusalesu dhammesu.

Sūrāa­paṭik­khepa­na­lak­kha­ṇaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ, ­vīriyin­driyā­rambho paccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Tassa atītā cattāro sammappadhānā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā vuttaṃ bhagavatā vīriyindriyaṃ, bhikkhave, kuhiṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu sammap­pa­dhā­nesu.

Sati saraṇalakkhaṇā, asam­moha­paccu­paṭṭhānā. Tassa atītā cattāro satipaṭṭhānā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā vuttaṃ bhagavatā satindriyaṃ bhikkhave, kuhiṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu.

Ekaggalakkhaṇo samādhi, avik­khepa­paccu­paṭṭhāno, tassa cattāri ñāṇāni padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā vuttaṃ bhagavatā samādhindriyaṃ, bhikkhave, kuhiṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu jhānesu.

Pajāna­na­lak­khaṇā paññā, bhū­tattha­santī­raṇā paccupaṭṭhānā, tassa cattāri ariyasaccāni padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā vuttaṃ bhagavatā paññindriyaṃ, bhikkhave, kuhiṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu ariyasaccesu. (13)

Cattāri cakkāni pati­rūpa­desa­vāso cakkaṃ, sap­puri­sūpa­nissayo cakkaṃ, atta­sammā­pa­ṇidhā­naṃ cakkaṃ, pubbe katapuññatā cakkaṃ. Tattha ari­yasannis­saya­lak­khaṇo pati­rūpa­desa­vāso, so sap­puri­sūpa­nissa­yassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ari­yasannis­saya­lak­khaṇo sap­puri­sūpa­nissayo, so atta­sammā­pa­ṇidhā­nassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sammā­paṭi­patti­lak­kha­ṇaṃ atta­sammā­pa­ṇidhā­naṃ, taṃ puññānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Kusala­dham­mopa­ca­ya­lak­kha­ṇaṃ puññaṃ, taṃ sabba­sam­pattī­naṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Ekāda­sasī­la­mūlakā dhammā sīlavato avippaṭisāro bhavati … pe … so vimutti­ñāṇadas­sanaṃ “nāparaṃ itthattāyā”ti pajānanā. Tattha vera­maṇi­lak­kha­ṇaṃ sīlaṃ, taṃ avippa­ṭisārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Na attā­nuvāda­lak­khaṇo avippaṭisāro, so pāmojjassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abhip­pamoda­na­lak­kha­ṇaṃ pāmojjaṃ, taṃ pītiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Atta­mana­lak­khaṇā pīti, sā passaddhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Kamma­niya­lak­khaṇā passaddhi, sā sukhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abyāpā­da­lak­kha­ṇaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃ samādhino padaṭṭhānaṃ. Avik­khepa­na­lak­khaṇo samādhi, so yathā­bhūta­ñāṇadas­sanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Avi­parī­ta­santī­raṇa­lak­khaṇā paññā, sā nibbidāya padaṭṭhānaṃ anāla­ya­na­lak­khaṇā nibbidā, sā virāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Asaṃ­kilesa­lak­khaṇo virāgo, so vimuttiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Akusala­dhamma­viveka­lak­khaṇā vimutti, sā vimuttino vodānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. (14)

Catasso ariyabhūmiyo cattāri sāmaññaphalāni. Tattha yo yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, esā dassanabhūmi. Sotā­patti­phalañca so yathābhūtaṃ pajānitvā nibbindati, idaṃ tanu­kāmarā­gassa padaṭṭhānaṃ byāpādānaṃ. Sakadā­gāmi­phalañca saṇhaṃ virajjati, ayaṃ rāgavirāgā cetovimutti. Anāgā­mi­phalañca yaṃ avijjāvirāgā vimuccati, ayaṃ katābhūmi. Arahattañca sāmañ­ña­phalā­nīti ko vacanattho, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo sāmaññaṃ, tassetāni phalāni sāmañ­ña­phalā­nīti vuccati. Kissa brahmañ­ña­phalā­nīti vuccante? Brahmaññaariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, tassa tāni phalānīti brahmañ­ña­phalā­nīti vuccante.

Tattha sotāpanno kathaṃ hoti? Saha saccābhisamayā ariyasāvakassa tīṇi saṃyojanāni pahīyanti sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchā sīlab­bata­parāmāso ca, imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā parikkhayā ariyasāvako hoti sotāpanno avini­pāta­dhammo yāva dukkhassantaṃ karoti.

Tattha katamā sakkāyadiṭṭhi? Assutavā bālo puthujjano yāva ariyadhamme akovido, so rūpaṃ attato samanupassati yāva viññāṇasmiṃ attānaṃ, so imesu pañcasu khandhesu attaggāho vā attaniyaggāho vā esohamasmi ekasmiṃ vasavattiko pakkhitto anuggaho anusayanto aṅgamaṅganti parati. Yā tathābhūtassa khanti ruci pekkhanā ākāra­pari­vitakko diṭṭhi­nij­jhāyanā abhippasannā, ayaṃ vuccate sakkā­ya­diṭṭhīti.

Tattha pañca diṭṭhiyo ucchedaṃ bhajanti. Katamāyo pañca? Rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, yāva viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, imāyo pañca ucchedaṃ bhajanti, avasesāyo pannarasa sassataṃ bhajanti. Iti sakkā­ya­diṭṭhi­pahānā dvāsaṭ­ṭhi­diṭṭhi­gatāni pahīyanti. Pahānā ucchedaṃ sassatañca na bhajati. Iti ucche­da­sassa­tap­pahānā ariyasāvakassa na kiñci diṭṭhigataṃ bhavati, aññā vā lokuttarāya sammādiṭṭhiyā. Kathaṃ pana sakkāyadiṭṭhi na bhavati? Idha ariyasāvako sutavā hoti, sabbo sukkapakkho kātabbo, yāva ariyadhammesu kovido rūpaṃ anattato samanupassati, yāva viññāṇaṃ … pe … evamassa samanu­passan­tassa sakkāyadiṭṭhi na bhavati.

Kathaṃ vicikicchā na bhavati? Idha ariyasāvako buddhe na kaṅkhati, na vicikicchati abhippasīdati, itipi so bhagavāti sabbaṃ. Dhamme na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati sabbaṃ. Yāva taṇhakkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānanti, iminā dutiyena ākaṅkhiyena dhammena samannāgato hoti. Saṃghe na kaṅkhati … pe … yāva pūjā devānañca manussānañcāti, iminā tatiyena ākaṅkhiyena dhammena samannāgato hoti.

Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhāti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati abhippasīdati. Taṇhā duk­kha­sa­muda­yoti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati. Taṇhānirodhā duk­kha­nirodhoti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati. Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo duk­kha­nirodha­gāminī paṭipadāti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati abhippasīdati. Yāva buddhe vā dhamme vā saṃghe vā dukkhe vā samudaye vā nirodhe vā magge vā kaṅkhāyanā vimati vicikicchā dvedhāpathā āsappanā parisappanā anavaṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭ­ṭhāgama­naṃ anekaṃso anekaṃsikatā, te tassa pahīnā bhavanti paṇunnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā.

Tattha sīlab­bata­parāmāso dvidhā—sīlassa vā suddhassa vā. Tattha sīlassa sīlab­bata­parāmāso imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā tattha kapotapādāhi accharāhi saddhiṃ kīḷissāmi ramissāmi pari­caris­sāmīti. Yathā­bhūta­dassa­nanti rucivimutti rāgo rāga­pari­vattakā diṭṭhirūpanā passanā asantussitassa sīlab­bata­parāmāso. Tattha katamo suddhassa sīlab­bata­parāmāso? Idhekacco sīlaṃ parāmasati, sīlena sujjhati, sīlena nīyati, sīlena muccati, sukhaṃ vītikkamati, dukkhaṃ vītikkamati, sukhadukkhaṃ vītikkamati anupāpuṇāti uparimena. Tadubhayaṃ sīlavataṃ parāmasati tadubhayena sīlavatena sujjhanti muccanti nīyanti, sukhaṃ vītikkamanti, dukkhaṃ vītikkamanti, sukhadukkhaṃ vītikkamanti, anupāpuṇantīti avisucikaraṃ dhammaṃ avimuttikaraṃ dhammaṃ visucito vimuttito pac­cā­gacchan­tassa yā tathābhūtassa khanti ruci mutti pekkhanā ākāra­pari­vitakko diṭṭhi­nij­jhāyanā passanā, ayaṃ suddhassa sīlab­bata­parāmāso. Ete ubho parāmāsā ariyasāvakassa pahīnā bhavanti yāva āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, so sīlavā bhavati ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato akkhaṇḍehi yāva upasa­ma­saṃ­vatta­ni­kehi. Imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā sutavā ariyasāvako bhavati sotāpanno avini­pāta­dhammo, sabbaṃ.

Sahasac­cā­bhisa­mayā, iti ko vacanattho? Cattāro abhisamayā, pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayo pahānā­bhisa­mayo ­sacchi­kiriyā­bhisa­mayo bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayo.

Tattha ariyasāvako dukkhaṃ pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti, samudayaṃ pahānā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti, nirodhaṃ ­sacchi­kiriyā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti, maggaṃ bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti. Kiṃkāraṇaṃ? Dukkhassa pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayo, samudayassa pahānā­bhisa­mayo, nirodhassa ­sacchi­kiriyā­bhisa­mayo, maggassa bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayo. Sama­tha­vi­passa­nāya kathaṃ abhisameti? Ārammaṇe cittaṃ upanibandhetvā pañcakkhandhe dukkhato passati. Tattha yo upanibandho, ayaṃ samatho. Yā pariyogāhanā, ayaṃ vipassanā. Pañcakkhandhe dukkhāti passato yo pañ­cak­khan­dhesu ālayo nikanti upagamanaṃ ajjhosānā icchā mucchā paṇidhi patthanā pahīyati. Tattha pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ. Yo tattha ālayo nikanti upagamanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ icchā mucchā paṇidhi patthanā, ayaṃ samudayo. Yaṃ tassa pahānaṃ, so nirodho samatho vipassanā ca maggo, evaṃ tesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ekakāle ekakkhaṇe ekacitte apubbaṃ acarimaṃ abhisamayo bhavati. Tenāha bhagavā “sahasac­cā­bhisa­mayā ariyasāvakassa tīṇi saṃyojanāni pahīyantī”ti.

Tattha sama­tha­vi­passanā yuganaddhā vattamānā ekakāle ekakkhaṇe ekacitte cattāri kiccāni karoti, dukkhaṃ pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti, yāva maggaṃ bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Dukkhaṃ pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayo, yāva maggaṃ bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayo. Evaṃ diṭṭhanto yathā nāvā jalaṃ gacchantī cattāri kiccāni karoti, pārimaṃ tīraṃ pāpeti, orimaṃ tīraṃ jahati, bhāraṃ vahati, sotaṃ chindati; evameva sama­tha­vi­passanā yuganaddhā vattamānā ekakāle ekakkhaṇe ekacitte cattāri kiccāni karoti, dukkhaṃ pariñ­ñā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti, yāva maggaṃ bhāva­nā­bhisa­mayena abhisameti. Yathā vā sūriyo udayanto ekakāle apubbaṃ acarimaṃ cattāri kiccāni karoti, andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ pātukaroti, rūpaṃ nidassīyati, sītaṃ pariyādiyati; evameva sama­tha­vi­passanā yuganaddhā vattamānā ekakāle … pe … yathā padīpo jalanto ekakāle apubbaṃ acarimaṃ cattāri kiccāni karoti, andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ pātukaroti, rūpaṃ nidassīyati, upādānaṃ pariyādiyati; evameva sama­tha­vi­passanā yuganaddhā vattamānā ekakāle … pe ….

Yadā ariyasāvako sotāpanno bhavati avini­pāta­dhammo niyato yāva dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ dassanabhūmi. Sotā­patti­phalañca sotāpattiphale ṭhito uttari sama­tha­vi­passa­naṃ bhāvento yuganaddhā vattamānā ­kāmarā­gab­yāpādā­naṃ yebhuyyena pahānā ariyasāvako hoti. Sakadāgāmi pari­niṭṭhi­tattā sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ tanubhūmi.

Sakadā­gāmi­phalañca yo sakadā­gāmi­phale ṭhito vipassanaṃ bhāvento ­kāmarā­gab­yāpāde sānusaye anavasesaṃ pajahati, ­kāmarā­gab­yāpā­desu anavasesaṃ pahīnesu pañ­co­rambhā­giyāni saṃyojanāni pahīnāni bhavanti sakkāyadiṭṭhi sīlab­bata­parāmāso vicikicchā kāmacchando byāpādo ca, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā ariyasāvako hoti anāgāmī tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā, ayaṃ vītarāgabhūmi.

Anāgā­mi­phalañca anāgāmiphale ṭhito uttari sama­tha­vi­passa­naṃ bhāvento pañca uddham­bhāgi­yāni saṃyojanāni pajahati rūpa­rāga­a­rūpa­rāga­māna­uddhac­ca­avijjañca. Imesaṃ pañcannaṃ uddham­bhāgi­yā­naṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā ariyasāvako arahā bhavati, khīṇāsavo vusitavā samma­dañ­ñā­vimutto parik­khī­ṇa­bhavasaṃ­yojano anup­patta­sadat­tho, ayaṃ katābhūmi.

Arahantova ayaṃ sopādisesā nibbānadhātu. Tassa āyukkhayā jīvi­tin­driyā­paro­dhā idañca dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, aññañca dukkhaṃ na uppajjati. Yo imassa dukkhassa nirodho vūpasamo, aññassa ca apātubhāvo, ayaṃ anupādisesā nibbānadhātu. Imā dve nibbānadhātuyo. Iti saccāni vuttāni. Saccābhisamayo vutto, kilesa­va­vatthā­naṃ vuttaṃ, pahānaṃ vuttaṃ, bhūmiyo vuttā, phalāni vuttāni, nibbānadhātuyo vuttā. Evamimesu vuttesu sabbabodhi vuttā bhavati. Ettha yogo karaṇīyo. (15)

Tattha katamāyo nava anu­pubba­samā­pattiyo? Cattāri jhānāni catasso ca arūpa­samā­pattiyo nirodha­samā­patti ca. Tattha cattāri jhānāni katamāni? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehīti vitthārena kātabbāni. Tattha katamā cattāro arūpa­samā­pattiyo? Virāgino vata vattabbo, yāva nirodha­samā­patti vitthārena kātabbā. Imāyo nava anu­pubba­samā­pattiyo.

Tattha katamaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ? Pañcaṅ­ga­vippa­yuttaṃ pañcaṅ­ga­saman­nā­gataṃ. Katamehi pañcahi aṅgehi vippayuttaṃ? Pañcahi nīvaraṇehi. Tattha katamāni pañca nīvaraṇāni? Kāmacchandoti vitthāretabbo. Tattha katamo kāmacchando? Yo pañcasu kāmaguṇesu chandarāgo pemaṃ nikanti ajjhosānaṃ icchā mucchā patthanā apariccāgo anusayo pariyuṭṭhānaṃ, ayaṃ kāmacchan­da­nīvara­ṇaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ ­byāpā­da­nīvara­ṇaṃ? Yo sattesu saṅkhāresu ca āghāto … pe … yathā dose tathā nioṭṭhānā, ayaṃ byāpādo nīvaraṇaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ middhaṃ? Yā cittassa jaḷatā cittassa garuttaṃ cittassa akammaniyatā cittassa nikkhepo niddāyanā pacalikatā pacalāyanā pacalāyanaṃ, idaṃ middhaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ thinaṃ? Yā kāyassa thinatā jaḷatā kāyassa garuttā kāyassa appassaddhi, idaṃ thinaṃ. Iti idañca thinaṃ purimakañca middhaṃ tadubhayaṃ thina­middha­nīvara­ṇanti vuccati. Tattha katamaṃ uddhaccaṃ? Yo avūpasamo cittassa, idaṃ uddhaccaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ kukkuccaṃ? Yo cetaso vilekho alañcanā vilañcanā hadayalekho vippaṭisāro, idaṃ kukkuccaṃ. Iti idañca kukkuccaṃ purimakañca uddhaccaṃ tadubhayaṃ uddhac­ca­kukkuc­ca­nīvara­ṇanti vuccati. Tattha katamaṃ vici­kicchā­nīvara­ṇaṃ? Yo buddhe vā dhamme vā saṃghe vā … pe … ayaṃ vicikicchā. Api ca kho pana pañca vicikicchāyo samananta­rā­yikā desantarāyikā samā­pat­tantarā­yikā maggantarāyikā saggantarāyikā, imāyo pañca vicikicchāyo. Idha pana samā­pat­tantarā­yikā vicikicchā adhippetā. Ime pañca nīvaraṇā.

Tattha nīvaraṇānīti ko vacanattho, kuto nivārayantīti? Sabbato kusalapakkhikā nivārayanti. Kathaṃ nivārayanti? Kāmacchando asubhato nivārayati, byāpādo mettāya nivārayati, thinaṃ passaddhito nivārayati, middhaṃ vīriyārambhato nivārayati, uddhaccaṃ samathato nivārayati, kukkuccaṃ avippaṭisārato nivārayati, vicikicchā paññāto paṭic­ca­samup­pādato nivārayati.

Aparo pariyāyo. Kāmacchando alobhato kusalamūlato nivārayati, byāpādo adosato nivārayati, thinamiddhaṃ samādhito nivārayati, uddhac­ca­kukkuc­caṃ satipaṭṭhānehi nivārayati, vicikicchā amohato kusalamūlato nivārayati.

Aparo pariyāyo. Tayo vihārā dibbavihāro brahmavihāro ariyavihāro. Dibbavihāro cattāri jhānāni, brahmavihāro cattāri appamāṇāni, ariyavihāro sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā. Tattha kāmacchando uddhaccaṃ kukkuccañca dibbavihāraṃ nivārayati, byāpādo brahmavihāraṃ nivārayati, thinamiddhaṃ vicikicchā ca ariyavihāraṃ nivārayati.

Aparo pariyāyo. Kāmacchando byāpādo uddhac­ca­kukkuc­cañca samathaṃ nivārayanti, thinamiddhaṃ vicikicchā ca vipassanaṃ nivārayanti, ato nīvaraṇanti vuccante. Imehi pañcahi aṅgehi vippayuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ.

Katamehi pañcahi aṅgehi sampayuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ? Vitak­ka­vi­cārehi pītiyā sukhena ca cittekaggatāya ca. Imesaṃ pañcannaṃ aṅgānaṃ uppāda­paṭi­lābha­saman­nā­gamo sacchikiriyaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭiladdhanti vuccati. Imāni pañca aṅgāni uppādetvā viharatīti, tena vuccate paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti dibbena vihārena. (1)

Tattha dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ caturaṅ­ga­saman­nā­gataṃ pītisukhena cittekaggatāya ajjhattaṃ sampasādanena imāni cattāri aṅgāni uppādetvā sampādetvā viharati, tena vuccati dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti. (2)

Tattha pañcaṅ­ga­saman­nā­gataṃ tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ satiyā sampajaññena sukhena cittekaggatāya upekkhāya imāni pañcaṅgāni uppādetvā sampādetvā viharati, tena vuccati tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti. (3)

Tattha catutthaṃ jhānaṃ caturaṅ­ga­saman­nā­gataṃ upekkhāya sati­pāri­suddhiyā aduk­kha­ma­su­khāya vedanāya cittekaggatā ca, imehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ. Iti imesaṃ catunnaṃ aṅgānaṃ uppādo paṭilābho samannāgamo sacchikiriyā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ paṭiladdhanti vuccati. Imāni cattāri jhānāni uppādetvā sampādetvā upasampajja viharati, tena vuccati dibbena vihārena viharatīti. (4)

Tattha katamo aniccaṭṭho? Pīḷanaṭṭho aniccaṭṭho pabhaṅgaṭṭho sampāpanaṭṭho vivekaṭṭho aniccaṭṭho, ayaṃ aniccaṭṭho.

Tattha katamo dukkhaṭṭho? Pīḷanaṭṭho dukkhaṭṭho sampīḷanaṭṭho saṃvegaṭṭho byādhinaṭṭho, ayaṃ dukkhaṭṭho.

Tattha katamo suññaṭṭho? Anupalitto suññaṭṭho, asam­bhaja­naṭ­ṭho gatapaṭṭho vivaṭṭaṭṭho, ayaṃ suññaṭṭho.

Tattha katamo anattaṭṭho? Anissariyaṭṭho anattaṭṭho, ava­sa­vatta­naṭ­ṭho, akāmakāriṭṭho parividaṭṭho, ayaṃ anattaṭṭhoti.

Sut­tattha­sa­muccayo nāma saṃ­vatti­santikā peṭakabhūmi samattā.