buddho bhagavān satkṛto gurukṛto mānitaḥ pūjito rājabhī rājamātrair dhanibhiḥ pauraiḥ śreṣṭhibhiḥ sārthavāhair devair nāgair yakṣair asurair garuḍaiḥ kinnarair mahoragair iti deva­nāgayakṣāsuragaruḍakinna­ramahoragābhyarcito buddho bhagavān jñāto mahāpuṇyo lābhī cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajya­pari­ṣkārāṇāṃ saśrāvakasaṃghaḥ kuśinagaryāṃ viharati sma mallānām upavartane yamakaśālavane | atha bhagavāṃs tad eva parinirvāṇakālasamaye āyuṣmantam ānandam āmantrayate sma: prajñāpaya ānanda tathāgatasya antareṇa yamakaśālayor uttarāśirasaṃ mañcam* | adya tathāgatasya rātryā madhyame yāme nirupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati | evaṃ bhadantety āyuṣmān ānando bhagavataḥ pratiśrutya antareṇa yamakaśālayor uttarāśirasaṃ mañcaṃ prajñāpya yena bhagavāṃs tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvāikānte ’sthāt* | ekāntasthita āyuṣmān ānando bhagavantam idam avocat | prajñapto bhadanta tathāgatasya antareṇa yamakaśālayor uttarāśirā mañcaḥ | atha bhagavān yena mañcas tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya dakṣinena pārśvena śayyāṃ kalpayati pāde pādam ādhāya alokasaṃjño smṛtaḥ saṃprajānan nirvāṇasaṃjñām eva manasi kurvan ||

tena khalu samayena kuśinagaryāṃ subhadraḥ parivrājakaḥ prativasati jīrṇavṛddho mahallakaḥ | sa viṃśatiśatavayaskaḥ kauśināgarāṇāṃ mallānāṃ satkṛto gurukṛto mānitaḥ pūjito ’rhan saṃmataḥ | aśrauṣīt subhadraḥ parivrājakaḥ: atra śramaṇasya gautamasya rātryā madhyame yāme anupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati | asti ca dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāyitatvam*, āśā ca me saṃtiṣṭhate, pratibalaś ca me sa bhagavān gautamaḥ tatkāṅkṣāyitatvaṃ prativinodayitum* | śrutvā ca punaḥ kuśinagaryā niṣkramya yena yamakaśālavanaṃ tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ ||

tena khalu samayena āyuṣmān ānando bahir vihārasyābhyavakāśe caṃkrame caṃkramyate | adrākṣīt subhadraḥ parivrājaka āyuṣmantam ānandam* | dūrād eva dṛṣṭvā ca punar yenāyuṣmān ānandas tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃk­ramyāyuṣmatānandena sārdhaṃ saṃmukhaṃ saṃmodanīṃ saṃrañjanīṃ vividhāṃ kathāṃ vyatisāryaikānte ’sthāt* | ekāntasthitaḥ subhadraḥ parivrājaka āyuṣmantam ānandam idam avocat*: śrutaṃ me ānanda adya śramaṇasya gautamasya rātryā madhyame yāme nirupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati | asti ca me dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāyitatvam*, āśā ca me saṃtiṣṭhate, pratibalaś ca me sa bhagavān gautamas tatkāṅkṣāyitatvaṃ prativinodayitum* | saced bhagavata ānanda asty aguru, praviśema, pṛcchema kaṃcid eva pradeśam*, saced avakāśaṃ kuryāt praśnavyākaraṇāya | ānanda āha: alaṃ subhadra | mā bhagavantaṃ viheṭhaya | śrāntakāyo bhagavān*, klāntakāyaḥ sugataḥ | dvir api trir api subhadraḥ parivrājaka āyuṣmantam ānandam idam avocat* śrutaṃ bho ānanda adya śramaṇasya gautamasya rātryā madhyame yāme anupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati, asti ca me dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāyitatvam* | āśā ca me saṃtiṣṭhate | pratibalaś ca me sa bhagavān gautamas tatkāṅkṣāyitatvaṃ prativinodayitum* | saced bhagavata ānanda, asty aguru, praviśema, pṛcchema kaṃcid eva pradeśam*, saced avakāśaṃ kuryāt praśnasya vyākaraṇāya | dvir api trir api āyuṣmān ānandaḥ subhadraṃ parivrājakam idam avocat: alaṃ subhadra, mā tathāgataṃ viheṭhaya, śrāntakāyo bhagavān*, klāntakāyaḥ sugataḥ | punar api subhadraḥ parivrājaka āyuṣmantam ānandam idam avocat*: śrutaṃ bho ānanda purāṇānāṃ parivrājakānām antikāj jīrṇānāṃ buddhā­nāṃ Speyer: vṛddhānāṃ mahatāṃ caraṇācāryāṇām*: kadācit karhicit tathāgatā arhantaḥ samyaksaṃbuddhā loke utpadyante, tadyathā udumbaraṃ puṣpam* | tasya cādya bhagavato gautamasya rātryā madhyame yāme anupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati | asti ca me dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāyitatvam* | āśā ca me saṃtiṣṭhate | pratibalaś ca me sa bhagavān gautamas tatkāṅkṣāyitatvaṃ prativinodayitum* | saced bhagavata ānanda asty aguru, praviśema, pṛcchema kaṃcid eva pradeśam*, saced avakāśaṃ kuryāt praśnavyākaraṇāya | punar apy ānandaḥ subhadraṃ parivrājakam idam avocat*: alaṃ subhadra | mā tathāgataṃ viheṭhaya | śrāntakāyo bhagavān*, klāntakāyaḥ sugataḥ ||

imāṃ ca punar āyuṣmatā ānandasya subhadreṇa parivrājakenā sārdham antarākathāṃ viprakṛtām aśrauṣīd bhagavān divyena śrotreṇa viśuddhenātikrāntamānuṣeṇa | śrutvā ca punar āyuṣmantam ānandam idam avocat: alam ānanda | mā subhadraṃ parivrājakaṃ vāraya | praviśatu, pṛcchatu yad yad evākāṅkṣati | ayaṃ me paścimo bhaviṣyati anyatīrthikaparivrājakaiḥ sārdham antarākathāsamudāhāraḥ | ayaṃ ca me caramo bhaviṣyati sākṣācchrāvakāṇām ehibhikṣukayā pravrajitānām*, yaduta subhadra parivrājakaḥ | atha subhadra parivrājako bhagavatā kṛtāvakāśo hṛṣṭatuṣṭapramudita udagraprītisaumanasyajāto yena bhagavāṃs tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya bhagavatā sārdhaṃ saṃmukhaṃ saṃmodanīṃ saṃrañjanīṃ vividhāṃ kathāṃ vyatisāryaikānte niṣaṇṇaḥ | ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ subhadraḥ parivrājako bhagavantam idam avocat: yānīmāni bho gautama pṛthagloke tīrthyāyatanāni: tadyathā pūraṇaḥ kāsyapaḥ, māskarī gośālīputraḥ, sañjayī vairūṭīputraḥ, ajitaḥ keśakambalaḥ, kukudaḥ kātyāyanaḥ, nirgrantho jñātaputraḥ, pratyajñāsiṣur me svāṃ svāṃ pratijñāṃ ### ||

atha bhagavāṃs tasyāṃ velāyāṃ gāthāṃ bhāṣate:

ekānnatriṃśatko vayasā subhadra
yat prāvrajaṃ kiṃkuśalaṃ gaveṣī
pañcāśad varṣāṇi samādhikāni
yasmād ahaṃ pravrajitaḥ subhadra ||

śīlaṃ samādhiś caraṇaṃ ca vidyā
caikāgratā cetaso bhāvitā me
āryasya dharmasya pradeśavaktā
ito bahir vai śramaṇo ’sti nānyaḥ ||

yasya subhadra dharmavinaye āryāṣṭāṅgo mārgo nopalabhyate, prathamaḥ śramaṇas tatra nopalabhyate | dvitīyas tṛtīyaś caturthaḥ śramaṇas tatra nopalabhyate | yasmiṃs tu subhadra dharmavinaye āryāṣṭāṅgo mārga upalabhyate prathamaḥ śramaṇas tatropalabhyate | dvitīyas tṛtīyaś caturthaḥ śramaṇas tatropalabhyate | asmiṃs tu subhadra dharmavinaye āryāṣṭāṅgo mārga upalabhyate | iha prathamaḥ śramaṇa upalabhyate, iha dvitīyaḥ, iha trtīyaḥ, iha caturthaḥ | na santi ito bahiḥ śramaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā | śūnyāḥ parapravādāḥ śramaṇair vā brāhmaṇair vā | evam atra parṣadi samyaksiṃhanādaṃ nadāmi |

asmin khalu dharmaparyāye bhāṣyamāṇe subhadrasya parivrājakasya virajo vigatamalaṃ dharmeṣu dharmacakṣur utpannam* | atha subhadraḥ parivrājako dṛṣṭadharmā prāptadharmā paryavagāḍhadharmā tīrṇakāṅkṣas tīrṇavicikitso ’parapratyayo ’nanyaneyaḥ śāstuḥ śāsanadharmeṣu vaiśāradyaprāpta utthāyāsanād ekāṃsam uttarāsaṅgaṃ kṛtvā yenāyuṣmān ānandas tenāñjaliṃ praṇamya āyuṣmantaṃ ānandam idam avocat | lābhā bhadanta ānandena sulabdhā yad bhagavatā ānando mahācāryeṇa mahā­cāryāntevāsikābhiṣekeṇābhiṣiktaḥ | api tu asmākam api syur lābhāḥ sulabdhā yad vayaṃ labhemahi svākhyāte dharmavinaye pravrajyām upasaṃpadaṃ bhikṣubhāvam* | athāyuṣmān ānando bhagavantam idam avocat*: ayaṃ bhadanta subhadraḥ parivrājaka ākāṅkṣate svākhyāte dharmavinaye pravrajyām upasaṃpadaṃ bhikṣubhāvam* | tatra bhagavān subhadraṃ parivrājakam āmantrayate | ehi bhikṣo, cara brahmacaryam* | saiva tasyāyuṣmataḥ pravrajyābhūt sopasaṃpat, sa bhikṣubhāvaḥ ||

evaṃ pravrajitaḥ sa āyuṣmān eko vyapakṛṣṭo ’pramatta ātāpī prahitātmā vyahārṣīt* | eko vyapakṛṣṭo ’pramatta ātāpī prahitātmā viharan* yad arthaṃ kulaputrāḥ keśaśmaśru avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy ācchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ pravrajanti, tad anuttaraṃ brahmacaryaparyavasānaṃ dṛṣṭa eva dharme svayam abhijñayā sākṣātkṛtyopasaṃpadya pravedayati: kṣīṇā me jātiḥ, uṣitaṃ brahmacaryaṃ kṛtaṃ karaṇīyaṃ nānyam asmād bhavaṃ prajānāmi | ājñātavān āyuṣmān arhan babhūva suvimuktaḥ | athāyuṣmataḥ subhadras­yārhatvaprāptasya vimuktisukhaṃ pratisaṃvedayata etad abhavat*: na mama pratirūpaṃ syād yad ahaṃ śāstāraṃ parinirvāpayantaṃ paśyeyam* | yanv ahaṃ prathamataraṃ parinirvāpayeyam iti | tatrāyuṣmān subhadraḥ prathamataraṃ parinirvṛtaḥ, tataḥ paścād bhagavān* ||

yadā bhagavatā paścimaśayanopagatena dharmoparodhikāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ vartamānāyām*, chidyamāneṣu dharmeṣu, mucyamāneṣu saṃdhiṣu, subhadro ’rhatve pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ, bahavaś ca kauśīnāgarā mallā dharme niyuktāḥ, tadā bhikṣavaḥ saṃśayajātāḥ sarvasaṃśayacchettāraṃ buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ papracchuḥ: āścaryaṃ bhadanta, yad ayaṃ subhadraḥ parivrājako bhagavatā chidyamāneṣu dharmeṣu mucyamānāsu saṃdhiṣu saṃsāravāgurāyā mocayitvā yāvad atyantaniṣṭhe nirvāṇe pratiṣṭhāpita iti | bhagavān āha: kim atra bhikṣava āścaryaṃ yad idānīṃ mayā vigatarāgeṇa vigatadveṣeṇa vigatamohena parimuktena jāti­jarāv­yādhi­maraṇa­śoka­pari­deva­duḥkha­daurmanasyopāyāsaiḥ subhadraḥ parivrājakaḥ saṃasāravāgurāyā mocayitvā yāvad atyantaniṣṭhe nirvāṇe pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ | yat tu mayā atīte ’dhvani sarāgeṇa sadveṣeṇa samohenāparimuktena jāti­jarāv­yādhi­maraṇa­śoka­pari­deva­duḥkha­daurmanasyopāyāsair ūhāpohavirahitena tiryagyonāv upapannena svajīvitaparityāgena subhadraḥ paritrātaḥ, kauśīnāgarāś ca mallāḥ | tac chṛṇuta, sādhu ca suṣṭhu ca manasi kuruta, bhāṣiṣye ||

bhūtapūrvaṃ bhikṣavo ’tīte ’dhvani anyatarasyāṃ parvatadaryāṃ mṛgayūthapaḥ prativasati anekamṛgasahasraparivāraḥ paṇḍito vyakto medhāvī | tac ca mṛgayūthaṃ lubdhakena vicārya rājñe niveditam* | tato rājñā caturaṅgeṇa balakāyena nirgatya tan mṛgayūthaṃ sarvaṃ saṃkaṭīkṛtam* | tato yūthapater etad abhavat*: yady aham idānīm imān na rakṣiṣyāmi, adyaiva te sarvaṃ na bhaviṣyantīti | tato yūthapatiḥ samantato vyavalokayitum ārabdhaḥ: katamena pradeśenāsya mṛgakulasya niḥsaraṇaṃ syād iti | sa paśyati tasyāṃ parvatadaryāṃ nadīṃ vahamānām* | sā ca nadī ahāryahāriṇī śīghrasrotāḥ, te ca mṛgā durbalāḥ | tato yūthapatiḥ sahasā tāṃ nadīm avatīrya madhye sthitvā śabdam udīrayati: āgacchantu bhavantaḥ, etasmāt kūlād utplutya mama pṛṣṭe pādān sthāpayitvā paratra kūle pratitiṣṭhata | anenopāyena jīvitaṃ vaḥ paśyāmi, ato ’nyathā maraṇam iti | tatas tair mṛgais tathaiva kṛtam* | atha tasya pṛṣṭhe kṣuranipātātvak chinnā | māṃsarudhirāsthirāśir vyavasthitaḥ | na cāsya vyavasāyo nivṛttaḥ tadgatakāruṇyo mṛgāṇām antike | tataḥ sarveṣu laṅghiteṣu pṛṣṭhato ’valokayituṃ pravṛttaḥ: mā kaścid atrālaṅghitaṃ Speyer: -to bhaviṣyatīti | sa paśyati mṛgaśāvakam ekam alaṅghitam* | tato yūthapatiś chidyamāneṣu marmasu mucyamānāsu saṃdhiṣu iṣṭajīvitam agaṇayitvā kūlam uttīrya mṛgaśāvakaṃ pṛṣṭham adhirohya nadīm uttārya kūle sthāpayitvā taṃ mṛgagaṇam uttīrṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā maraṇakāle praṇidhiṃ kartum ārabdhaḥ: yathā me ime mṛgā ayaṃ ca mārgaśāvaka iṣṭena jīvitenācchāditāḥ, vyasanāt paritrātāḥ, evam apy aham anāgate ’dhvani anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhim abhisaṃbudhya etān saṃsāravāgurāyā mocayeyam iti ||

bhagavān āha: kiṃ manyadhve bhikṣavo yo ’sau tena kālena tena samayena mṛgapatir āsīt*, ahaṃ sa | mṛgā ime kauśīnāgarā mallāḥ | mṛgaśāvakaḥ ayam eva subhadraḥ ||

bhikṣavaḥ saṃśayajātāḥ sarvasaṃśayacchettāraṃ buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ papracchuḥ: kāni bhadanta subhadreṇa karmāṇi kṛtāni yena paścimaḥ sākṣācchrāvakāṇām iti | bhagavān āha: subhadreṇaiva bhikṣavaḥ pūrvam anyāsu jātiṣu karmāṇi kṛtāny upacitāni | na bāhye pṛthivīdhātau vipacyante, nābdhātau, na tejodhātau, na vāyudhātau, api tūpātteṣv eva skandhadhātvāyataneṣu karmāṇi kṛtāni vipacyante śubhāny aśubhāni ca |

na praṇaśyanti karmāṇy kalpakoṭiśatair api
sāmagrīṃ prāpya kālaṃ ca phalanti khalu dehinām* ||

bhūtapūrvaṃ bhikṣavo ’tīte ’dhvani asminn eva bhadrake kalpe viṃśatisahasrāyuṣi prajāyāṃ kāśyapo nāma samyaksaṃbuddho loka udapādi vidyācaraṇasaṃpannaḥ sugato lokavid anuttaraḥ puruṣadamyasārathiḥ śāstā devānāṃ ca manuṣyāṇāṃ ca buddho bhagavān* | sa vārāṇasīṃ nagarīm upaniśritya viharati ṛṣipatane mṛgadāve | atha bhagavataḥ kāśyapasya samyaksaṃbuddhasya bhāgineyo ’śoko nāmnā | sa bhagavatsakāśe mokṣārthī pravrajitaḥ | sa svādhīnaṃ mokṣaṃ manyamāno na vyāyacchate | yāvad dīrghakālaprakarṣeṇāśoko janapade varṣoṣitaḥ | bhagavāṃś ca kāśyapaḥ samyaksaṃbuddhaḥ sakalaṃ buddhakāryaṃ kṛtvā indhanakṣayād ivāgniḥ paścimaśayanopagataḥ, aśokaś ca bhikṣur aśokasyādhastāt pratisaṃlīno babhūva | atha yā devatā tasminn aśokavṛkṣe vyuṣitā, sā bhagavataḥ kāśyapasya samyaksaṃbuddhasya parinirvāṇaṃ śrutvā rodituṃ pravṛttā | tasya rudantyā aśrubindavo ’śokasya kāye nipatituṃ pravṛttāḥ | athāśoka ūrdhvamukhas tāṃ devatāṃ rudantīm āha: kimarthaṃ devate rudyata iti | devatovāca: adya rātryā madhyame yāme bhagavataḥ kāśyapasya samyaksaṃbuddhasya parinirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatīti | athāśoko devatāvacanam upasṛtya marmaviddha iva pracalitavān* | so ’pi karuṇakaruṇaṃ rodituṃ pravṛttaḥ | tato devatayā pṛṣṭaḥ: kimarthaṃ rodiṣīti | aśoka uvāca: guruviyogāj jñātiviyogāc ca | kāśyapo me samyaksaṃbuddho mātulaḥ | so ’haṃ visrabdhavihārī na vyāyatavān* | dūre cāsau | ahaṃ ca pṛthagjanaḥ | apakṛṣṭatvād adhvano na śakṣyāmi viśeṣam adhigantum iti | devatovāca: yadi punar ahaṃ bhavantaṃ bhagavatsakāśam upanayeyam*, kiṃ śakyam iti | aśoka uvāca: tathā hi me buddhiḥ paripakvā, yathā sahadarśanād eva bhagavataḥ śakṣyāmi viśeṣam adhigantum iti | tato devatayā aśoko bhagavatsakāśam ṛddhyanubhāvān nītaḥ | tasya bhagavaddarśanāt prasāda utpannaḥ | prasādajātasya ca bhagavatā kāśyapena tathāvidho dharmo deśitaḥ yacchravaṇād arhatvaṃ sākṣātkṛtam* | prathamataraṃ cāyuṣmān aśokaḥ parinirvṛtaḥ, tato bhagavān kāśyapaḥ samyaksaṃbuddhāḥ ||

tataḥ sā devatā āyuṣmato ’śokasya parinirvāṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā prītim utpādayāmāsa | cintayati ca: yaḥ kaścid anenāyuṣmatā viśeṣo ’dhigataḥ, sarvaḥ sa mām āgamya | evam apy aham anāgate ’dhvani yo ’sau bhagavatā kāśyapena uttaro nāma māṇavo vyākṛtaḥ: bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ māṇava varṣaśatāyuṣi prajāyāṃ śākyamunir nāma tathāgato ’rhan samyaksaṃbuddha iti, tasyāham eva paścimaśayanopagatasya caramaḥ sākṣācchravakāṇām ehibhikṣukayā pravrajitānāṃ bhaveyam*, pūrvataraṃ ca bhagavataḥ parinirvāpayeyam*, tato bhagavān* śākyamunir iti ||

bhagavān āha: kiṃ manyadhve bhikṣavo yāsau devatā, ayaṃ sa subhadraḥ | tasmāt tarhi bhikṣava evaṃ śikṣitavyaṃ yat kalyāṇamitratā vihariṣyāmaḥ kalyāṇsahāyatā kalyāṇasaṃparkaḥ, na pāpamitratā na pāpasahāyatā na pāpasaṃparkaḥ | ity evaṃ vo bhikṣavaḥ śikṣitavyam* ||

athāyuṣmān ānando bhagavantam idam avocat: iha mama bhadanta ekākino rahogatasya pratisaṃlīnasya evaṃ cetasi cetaḥparitarka udapādi: upārdham idaṃ brahmacaryasya yaduta kalyāṇamitratā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasaṃparkaḥ, na pāpamitratā na pāpasahāyatā na pāpasaṃparkaḥ iti | bhagavān āha: mā tvam ānanda evaṃ vocaḥ: upārdham idaṃ brahmacaryasya yaduta kalyāṇamitratā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasaṃparkaḥ, na pāpamitratā na pāpasahāyatā na pāpasaṃparkaḥ iti | sakalam idam ānanda
kevalaṃ paripūrṇaṃ pariśuddhaṃ paryavadātaṃ brahmacaryaṃ yaduta kalyāṇamitratā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasaṃparkaḥ, na pāpamitratā na pāpasahāyatā na pāpasaṃparkaḥ | tat kasya hetoḥ? māṃ hy ānanda kalyāṇamitram āgamya jātidharmāṇaḥ satvā jātidharmatāyāḥ parimucyante, jarāv­yādhiśo­kama­raṇa­pari­deva­duḥkha­daurmanasyopāyāsa­dharmāṇaḥ satvā upāyāsadharmatāyāḥ parimucyante | tad anenaiva te ānanda paryāyeṇa veditavyaṃ yat sakalam idaṃ kevalaṃ paripūrṇaṃ pariśuddhaṃ paryavadātaṃ brahmacaryaṃ yaduta kalyāṇamitratā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasaṃparkaḥ, na pāpasahāyatā na pāpamitratā na pāpasaṃparkaḥ | ity evaṃ te ānanda śikṣitavyam* ||

idam avocad bhagavān | āttamanasas te bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitam abhyanandan* ||